Kutarisa mudenga rehusiku uye nekuona iyo mitsetse michena isingachinjiki kunogona kushungurudza vazhinji. Nekuda kweizvozvo, nhepfenyuro yemagariro uye maforamu ekukurukurirana akapisa marudzi ese edzidziso pamusoro pezvinonzi "chemtrails," kunyanya kana ichionekwa husiku. Chii chaizvo chiri kuitika ichi? Pane hwaro hupi nohupi hwesayenzi hwomufungo wokuti tiri kupfapfaidzwa pachivande nendege here, kana kuti kose kuri muuyo wamashoko asina kururama nokutya kusina hwaro?
Ngatisveturei mugakava rinonakidza pamusoro pezvipingamupinyi zviri muchadenga chehusiku, tichiburitsa ngano uye tichitsanangura zvakadzama zvinoitika kana ukaona imwe yenzira idzi pakumuka kwendege, kunyanya husiku. Gadzirira kuwana, nemutauro wakajeka uye wakajeka, zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive kuti urege kunyengedzwa nezvitarisiko kana manyepo ari kuwedzera kutenderera painternet.
The genesis yengano: Sei chemtrail theories inomuka?
Kutenda muchemtrails hakuna kubuda kunze, asi kunobva mukusanganiswa kwesainzi kusaziva, kutya izvo zvisingazivikanwi, uye kukurumidza kupararira kwemazano kuburikidza neinternet uye social media. Kwemakumi emakore, runyerekupe rwakabatanidza kupikisa kwendege nezvinonzi zvirongwa zvepachivande zvakagadzirirwa kugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze, kudzora vanhu, kana kutochinja pfungwa dzevanhu.
Chimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru zvekupararira kwedzidziso idzi kwave kuri kukwira kweruzivo — uye ruzivo rwenhema — online. Midhiya yemagariro uye mablogiki ane mameseji akawedzera uye fungidziro, kazhinji achishandisa mifananidzo inoshamisa yedenga rakafukidzwa nemavara machena sezvinofungidzirwa kuti "humbowo" hwepasi rose. Saka, izwi rekuti "chemtrail" (kumisikidza kwe "chemical trail") rakakurumidza kuve rakakurumbira, kupesana nehupenyu hwechokwadi mazwi ehunyanzvi se "contrail" (kubva ku "condensation trail").
Kunyanya mushure mezviitiko zvemamiriro ekunze zvakanyanya zvakadai sekusanaya kwemvura kana mvura inonaya, kana mumamiriro ekusava nechokwadi kukuru kwevanhu, chemtrail theories inowanzodzoka nesimba guru. Munguva ichangopfuura, vakatosvika kumagakava ezvematongerwo enyika munzvimbo dzehurumende, dzakadai seSpanish Congress of Deputies, apo mibvunzo yakabvunzwa kuhurumende maererano nekufungidzirwa kwemamiriro ekunze kubva mumhepo.
Ndedzipi nzira dzatinoona mudenga usiku chaizvo?
Nzira dzakasiiwa nendege, masikati neusiku, dzakanyanya makore ekugadzira anogadzirwa nekudzika kwemhute yemvura iri mumagasi emagetsi ejeti injini.Kana ndege ichibhururuka pakakwirira (pakati pe8.000 12.000 ne40 XNUMX metres, uko tembiricha inogona kudzika kusvika -XNUMX°C), magasi anopisa, anozadzwa nemhute yemvura anoabvisa achisanganiswa nemhepo inotonhora, yakaoma yakaipoteredza.
Kana musanganiswa ukasvika padanho rinodiwa rekuzara, mhute iyi inodzika nekukasira uye inoumba tudiki makristasi echando. Mhedzisiro yacho mutsara muchena wakajeka unogona kufamba makiromita akati wandei kuseri kwendege uye, pasi pemamwe mamiriro emuchadenga, unoramba uchionekwa kwemaminetsi kana maawa.
Chinokosha ndechekudziya uye hunyoro hwemhepo munzvimbo yekubhururuka. Kana mhepo yakaoma kwazvo, contrail inopera nokukurumidza; kana iine mwando uye kutonhora, contrail inogona kuwedzera, kuramba, uye kunyange kuoneka segore guru. Naizvozvo, Hatigone kugara tichiona nzira kana ndege ikapfuura, uye hadzisi nzira dzese dzinotora nguva yakafanana..
Chiitiko ichi chinonyanya kuoneka usiku, sezvo mwaranzi yezuva isingadyidzani zvakanyanya nezvidimbu zveaizi uye mamiriro emuchadenga anogona kuwedzera kufadza kuenderera kwenzira. Uyezve, kusavapo kwemakore uye kujeka kwedenga reusiku kunoita kuti mitsetse iyi ionekwe nyore uye dzimwe nguva inoshamisa kupfuura masikati.
Basa rekufambiswa kwemhepo uye tekinoroji shanduko mukuwanda kwezvipingamupinyi
Chinhu chinoita kuti pave nemafungiro ekuti “kune zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda iye zvino kupfuura kare” kuwedzera kunoshamisa kwekufamba kwendege mumakumi mashoma emakore apfuura. Gore rega rega, mamirioni endege dzekutengesa dzinoyambuka denga panguva dzakasiyana dzemasikati neusiku, zvichiwedzera mikana yekuona contrails, kunyanya munzvimbo dziri pedyo nemhepo dzakabatikana nzira.
Sokunge izvo zvisina kukwana, jet injini tekinoroji yakashanduka, ichifarira kuumbwa kwezvipingamupinyi mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Injini dzemazuva ano, dzinoshanda zvakanyanya dzinopedza magasi pakudziya kwakadzika, iyo inowedzera huwandu hwemamiriro ekunze umo mvura mhute condensation inogona kuitika nenzira yenzira.
Sayenzi vs. Nhema: Nyanzvi Dzinotii Nezve Chemtrails?
Dzidziso dzekurangana nezve chemtrails dzakanyatsoongororwa uye dzakarambwa nenharaunda yesainzi mune dzakawanda zvidzidzo zvepasirese. Chimwe chezvidzidzo zvakakosha, chakaburitswa muna 2016 neCarnegie Institution for Science, University of California, Irvine, uye Near Zero, yakabvunza nyanzvi makumi manomwe nenomwe mumakemikari emuchadenga uye geochemistry. Mhedzisiro yacho yaive yekupedzisira: 76 yemasayendisiti makumi manomwe nenomwe vakati havasati vambowana humbowo hwechirongwa chakavanzika chepasi rose chekupfapfaidza makemikari..
Iwo masampula uye ongororo yakataurwa nevanorangana theorists haina kumbobvira yaburitsa yakasimba, yakazvimirira, kana data inovimbika. Marabhoritari mazhinji akabvisa mukana wekuparadzira zvinhu zvakaita sebarium, aruminiyamu, kana strontium kubva pakakwirira, sezvo makomisheni aya asinganyungudike kana kuparadzirwa zvakanaka kuburikidza nemhepo, uye kushandiswa kwawo kungave kusingagoneke uye nesainzi.
Zviremera zvakaita seSpanish State Meteorological Agency (AEMET), United States Air Force, uye U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), pakati pevamwe, vakadzokorora pachena kuti hapana hurongwa hwekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze vachishandisa ndege dzekutengesa kana dzemauto. Hapana rabhoritari yakazvimiririra, network yekuongorora zvakatipoteredza, kana sangano repasi rose rawana humbowo hwezviitwa zvisiri pamutemo kana zvakavanzika zvine chekuita nechemtrails.
Geoengineering: pakati pesainzi uye media kuvhiringidzika
Izwi rekuti 'geoengineering' rinowanzovhiringwa ne chemtrail theories, asi zvakakosha kujekesa mutsauko. Geoengineering inosanganisa zvikumbiro zvesainzi-zvizhinji zvichiri muchikamu chekuyedza kana chetioretical-chakanangana nekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze kuti kuderedze kudziya kwepasi, senge cloud seeding kana kushandiswa kwemaaerosols anovheneka mumhepo.
Mukuita, mikuru-yakakura geoengineering kuyedza yakaganhurwa zvakanyanya uye inotariswa nemasangano enyika nepasirese. Semuenzaniso, cloud seeding, iyo inoshandisa iodide yesirivha mune tariro yekudzikisa mvura, yakangoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakanyanya uye pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akadzorwa. Uyezve, mishumo yakawanda kubva kuWorld Meteorological Organisation inogumisa kuti maitiro aya anoburitsa shanduko shoma dzinoyerwa uye zvechokwadi ari kure nehukuru hunonzi kune chemtrail kurangana.
Zvinetso zvendege zvingakanganisa mamiriro ekunze zvechokwadi here?
Mubvunzo hausi mudiki, uye pano sainzi inoziva zvimwe zvinokonzeresa, kunyangwe zviri kure kwazvo kubva kune izvo zvinorehwa nematsotsi. Kuramba kuchinjika kwendege kunogona kuita kuti paumbwe makore marefu (artificial cirrus cloud), ayo, kana akaunganidzwa muhuwandu, ane mwero asi ane chekuita nemwaranzi yePasi.
Masikati, makore aya anoratidza mamwe emagetsi ezuva (albedo effect), ayo anogona kubatsira kutonhorera zvishoma pamusoro. Zvisinei, usiku, makore mamwe chetewo anoita segumbeze, achidzivirira kupisa kunoungana mukati mezuva kuti kupinde muchadenga, zvichiita kuti humwe usiku hudziye. Chiitiko ichi chakasimbiswa mushure mekuvharwa kwenzvimbo yemhepo yeUS zvichitevera kurwiswa kwaGunyana 11, 2001, apo kuchinja kwechinguvana mukutenderera kwekushisa kwemazuva ese kwakaonekwa nekuda kwekushaikwa kwendege.
Zvisinei, izvi hazvireve kuchinja kukuru kana kushandura kwakavanzika kwemamiriro ekunze. Kukanganisa kwepasirese kwezvipingamupinyi kunogumira kana zvichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvinhu, senge greenhouse gasi kubuda. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvese zvendege zvekutengesa zvinokwana 2% yepasi rose CO2 emissions.
Pane misiyano pakati pe contrails uye chemtrails?
Kune sainzi, hapana mutsauko chaiwo. Vatsigiri vengano iyi vanowanzoti chemtrails inoramba ichirebesa kana kuti ine denser, chitarisiko chinoshamisa kupfuura zvinojairika. Zvisinei, ongororo dzinoratidza kuti nguva uye chitarisiko chechinhu chinodzorwa zvinotarwa chete nemamiriro ekunze, kwete nezvinofungidzirwa kuti zvinowedzera makemikari.
Chimiro chenguva refu, chinowedzera, chakafanana nemakore chinongoratidza kuti mhepo yakapoteredza pasi yakanga yakanyorova uye ichitonhora panguva iyoyo nekukwirira. Nokudaro, mhute yemvura uye makristasi echando haakurumidzi kupera, asi anogona kuramba uye kukura muhuwandu. Kusiyana neizvi, mumhepo yakaoma, contrail inoputika nguva pfupi mushure mekugadzirwa, pasinei nekugadzirwa kweinjini kana chinangwa chendege.
Pesvedzero yesocial media uye bubble athari
Chinhu chakakosha chekupararira kwechemtrail theory ndeye bubble effect inogadzirwa nemagariro evanhu. Mapoka akavharwa pamapuratifomu akaita se Facebook, maforamu, uye nzira dzevhidhiyo dzinobvumira vanhu vanotenda zvakasimba mukuvapo kwechemtrails kugovera ruzivo, mapikicha, uye zvakaitika, kupa mhinduro uye kusimbisa zvavanotenda, kunyange kana pasina uchapupu hwekunze hunovatsigira.
Ongororo munyika dzekuMadokero dzinoratidza kuti vanenge 17% yevagari vanotenda zvizere kana zvishoma mukuvapo kwechemtrails. Ichi chikamu chinoramba chakadzikama nekuda kwekuwanda kwemifananidzo inokatyamadza, zvapupu zvemunhu, uye kusavimba kwakapararira kwemasangano ehurumende.
Munharaunda idzi, humbowo hwesainzi hunowanzorambwa kana kududzirwa patsva sechikamu chekurangana. Uchapupu hwemunhu, hwakadai sekuongorora kwemumba kwemvura inonaya, ivhu, kana bvudzi, zvinotenderedzwa seumbowo husingarambike, kunyange hazvo zvisingambobvumidzwe nenyanzvi dzakazvimiririra kana kuburitswa mumapepanhau esainzi akaongororwa nevezera rake.
Kusiyana kwengano: hutano, mamiriro ekunze uye kutonga kwevanhu
Iyo chemtrail ngano yakachinja nekufamba kwemakore uye yakachinjirwa kune zvinonetsa zvemazuva ano. Kubva pakutaurwa kwezvirwere, kusvika pakudzora pfungwa, kusvika pakusikwa kwemaune kwekusanaya kwemvura kana kunaya kwemvura, zvese zvinopindirana nerondedzero iyi yakaita sechameleon.
Munguva yeCOVID-19 denda, semuenzaniso, manyepo akabuda achipomera hurumende kushandisa ndege kupfapfaidza biocides pamusoro pehuwandu hwese. Aya mameseji aive akavakirwa, zvakare, pamusanganiswa wezvokwadi chaiyo (sekubviswa kweutachiona panguva yenzvimbo dzakavharwa) nekududzira zvisizvo kana kuita nemaune.
Mimwe misiyano yengano inotaura nezvehurwere husinganzwisisike hunonzi hwakakonzerwa nekusangana nemakwara aya, akadai seanonzi 'chirwere cheMorgellons' kana kutaridzika kwe "vhudzi rengirozi" rinodonha kubva kudenga. Nekudaro, kuvepo kwezvinhu zvisingazivikanwe mumasampuli aya hakuna kumbobvira kwaunganidzwa, kuongororwa, uye nesainzi kuratidzwa, uye zvirwere zvinoenderana nazvo hazvina epidemiological correlation nemhepo.
Uye zvakadini nemifananidzo yematangi kana madhiramu ari mundege?
Mifananidzo iri kutenderera pamhepo, inonzi inoratidza matangi emakemikari mukati mendege, kazhinji mapikicha endege iri kuongororwa kana kurongedzerwa huremu uye kuenzanisa kuyedzwa. Semuenzaniso, mufananidzo wakakurumbira weaimbova Chancellor weGermany Angela Merkel mukati mendege yakakomberedzwa nemadhiramu unoenderana nebvunzo yekutakura zvinhu kutevedzera vafambi pandege dzekuyedza, kwete chirongwa chekufirita zvakavanzika.
Dzimwe ndege dzehunyanzvi dzakatorwa mifananidzo dzine masisitimu ekupfapfaidza dzinoshandiswa kudzima moto, kuchenesa kurashikirwa neoiri, kana kudyara zvirimwa—kwete pakufamba nendege pamusoro pemaguta nemataundi. Iko kuvhiringidzika kunokonzerwa, zvakare, kushaikwa kwemamiriro ezvinhu uye tsika yekuona yakavanzika yekubatanidza uko kune chete zvakanyorwa zvakakwana zvehunyanzvi maitiro.
Zvinoita here kupfapfaidza kubva pakakwirira?
Sekureva kwenyanzvi dzezvekurima nendege, kudonhedza makemikari kubva kumusoro kweanopfuura 10.000 metres-sezvinoitwa nendege dzekutengesa-hazvina basa zvachose uye hazvigoneke. Ndege dzinopfapfaidza zvirimwa dzinoshanda mamita mashoma pamusoro pevhu, chaizvo kuona kuti zvigadzirwa zvasvika pazvinenge zvichitarisirwa. Chero kuedza kuparadzira chigadzirwa kubva kumusoro kunogona kuparadzirwa pakarepo nemhepo uye mhirizhonga, zvichiita kuti zvisakwanise kusvika panzvimbo yaidiwa pasi.
Pamusoro pazvo, huwandu hwezvinhu zvingadikanwa kusvika kune muchetura munzvimbo dzakakura hunenge hwakakura zvekuti hunenge husingatarisike nenzira, zvehupfumi, uye nehunyanzvi. Zvese izvi pasina kufunga nezve kuteedzera kunopihwa neazvino ekutsvagisa ndege uye nharaunda yemhando yekudzora masisitimu.
Kukosha kwekuparadzanisa chokwadi nezvitendero
Chemtrail dzidziso dzinotidenha kuti tisiyanise pakati pekufunga, kutya kwezvisingazivikanwi, uye zvakasimba, zvinogoneka tsananguro dzesainzi. Munyika iri kuramba ichibatana, ruzivo—uye mashoko asiriwo—anofamba nokukurumidza kupfuura kare, uye muedzo wokudavira kurangana unogona kuwedzera munguva dzokusavimbika.
Kunzwisisa kuti nzira dzehusiku dzinoumbwa sei, zvinhu zvipi zvinoita kuti zvinyanye kuoneka, uye miganhu yekugona kwedu kugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze zvakakosha kuti tisawira mukutenda kwenhema. Sainzi yakavhurika uye inovimbika yakaratidza kuti chemtrails sechirongwa chakavanzika hachipo, nepo kuwedzera kwenzira kunogona kutsanangurwa nezvikonzero zvinonzwisisika uye zvinogoneka.
Kudzora kwezvakatipoteredza uye utariri—uye, chokwadika, gakava pamusoro pemamiriro ekunze ekubhururuka kwendege—ndeyechokwadi, asi harinei nechokuita nezvinofungidzirwa kuti zvifambiso zvepachivande kudzora nyika kubva kumatenga.
Mitsetse michena inotenderera mudenga, kunyangwe pahusiku hwakajeka, hausi humbowo hwekurangana kwenyika dzakawanda kana kuratidzwa kwekutyisidzira kwakavanzika, asi mhedzisiro inooneka yekufambira mberi kwesainzi, kufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi, uye kuwedzera kwekufamba kwepasirese. Kuzvinzwisisa, kure nokupinza kutya, kunofanira kutibatsira kukoshesa zivo nemweya wokutsoropodza munzanga yakazara nemashoko asi kazhinji ichida masefa anoshanda kuti aparadzanise chokwadi kubva mungano.