Kuderedza greenhouse magasi yadzoka pakati penhaurirano dzeEuropean mushure mekurudziro yeEuropean Commission yekuisa chinangwa chinosungirwa chekudzikisa 90% mukuburitswa ne2040 zvichienzaniswa ne1990 mazinga. Chirongwa ichi chinoratidza chiitiko chakakosha muhurongwa hwemamiriro ekunze ekondinendi uye chinopindura kudzvanyirira kuri kukura kwevanhu vakatarisana nezviitiko zvakanyanyisa uye kukanganisa kwekudziya kwepasi, nepo nzira nyowani dzichiiswa kuzadzisa zvisungo zvakaitwa mu Chibvumirano cheParis.
Zvisinei nekufambira mberi uku, kurudziro iyi inouya panguva inotaridzwa nekupokana kwezvematongerwo enyika uye kudzvanywa kubva kumapato akasiyana ehupfumi nemagariro. Dambudziko rekusarerekera kwemamiriro ekunze panosvika 2050 Inoda shanduko dzakadzama muhupfumi, indasitiri, uye tsika dzevatengi, nepo vagari vekuEurope vachitaura, maererano neazvino Eurobarometers, rutsigiro rwakasimba rwekuita kwemamiriro ekunze.
A new regulatory framework: kuchinjika uye kuzvipira
Mutemo unopa nzira dzakawanda dzekuzadzisa chinangwa chitsva chekudzikisa Emissions yegreenhouse magasi. Pakati pezvinhu zvitsva ndeye kuiswa kwe yepamusoro-soro yepasi rose kabhoni kiredhiti Kutanga muna 2036, izvi zvinobvumira mamwe masekete kuti adzikise chikamu chekubuda kwavo nekupa mari yekudzikisa kabhoni kana mapurojekiti ekunyudza kunze kweEU. Nekudaro, iyo nhamba yezvikwereti inokodzera ichavharwa (inodarika 3% ye1990 net emissions), kuve nechokwadi chekuti ruzhinji rwekudzikisira ruchaitika mukati meEurope pachayo.
Saizvozvowo, michina inosimbiswa kuti iwedzere zvakasikwa uye maindasitiri carbon dioxide absorptions, kusimudzira kudzvanywa kwemasango uye kudzoreredza ecosystem, pamwe nekutora uye kuchengetedza kuburikidza neari kubuda matekinoroji. Uku kuchinjika kwekutonga kunoda kupindura kumisiyano yehupfumi uye yezvimiro pakati peNhengo dzeNyika uye kuita kuti ienderane kuchengetedzwa kwemabasa uye. shanduko yezvakatipoteredza.
Basa rakakosha rekuvandudza uye kutonga
Mamiriro matsva aya anokurudzira kudyara mune yakachena matekinoroji kuburikidza nezviridzwa zvakaita se Yakachena Industrial Pact uye EU Emissions Trading System, kuwedzera sarudzo dzemakambani kuderedza kabhoni tsoka. Uyezve, kuiswa kwesimba renyika uye zvirongwa zvemamiriro ekunze zvinogara zvichiongororwa zvinobvumira zvinangwa zveNhengo yeNyika kuti zvigadziriswe kuti zvienderane nekumhanya kwekushanduka kwetekinoroji uye hunhu hunobudirira hwenyika imwe neimwe.
KuKomisheni, kupa chokwadi kune vanoisa mari nemakambani Ndiyo imwe yemakiyi ekuunganidza mari yakazvimiririra kune hunyanzvi uye mapurojekiti ebudiriro, ukuwo uchisimbisa rusununguko rwesimba rekondinendi munzvimbo isina chokwadi yezvematongerwo enyika. Kusundidzira kwekutonga, kunoperekedzwa nekukurudzira kwehupfumi uye zvakajeka zvinangwa zvepakati, zvinotsvaga kubatanidza hutungamiriri hweEurope mukuchinja kwesimba.
Gakava uye kukakavara: miganhu yemuripo wekunze
Kubatanidzwa kwemuripo wepasi rose kwakaunza maitiro akasiyana pakati pesainzi nemasangano ezvezvakatipoteredza. NGOs uye nyanzvi dzemamiriro ekunze Vanosimbisa kuti kuvimba zvakanyanya kune ekunze kabhoni kiredhiti kunogona kudzikisira kuedza chaiko kwekudzikisa uye kuvhura musuwo wekuita kaviri-kuverenga maitiro kana "accounting tricks." Vanopokana kuti chinokosheswa chinofanira kuramba chiri shanduko yakadzama yekugadzira masisitimu, kugona kwesimba, uye kusiiwa zvishoma nezvishoma kwemafuta emafuta.
Bazi rezvakatipoteredza rinosimbirira kuti dambudziko rekudzikamisa kuwedzera kwekushisa kwepasi rose rinoda kuti Europe itungamire net zero emissions uye nhanho dzechimbichimbi mukati memiganhu yayo. Zvinoda zvakaita sekuwedzera kabhoni absorption kugona kuburikidza nekudzoreredza kwemasango, matoro, uye ivhu, kana kusimbaradza marongero muzvikamu zvehungwaru zvakaita sezvekufambisa, simba, uye indasitiri, ndezvimwe zvezvinonyanya kudiwa.
Yakakwana mhinduro: kusanganisa tekinoroji uye zvisikwa
Nyanzvi dzakabvunzwa dzinoyeuka izvozvo zadzisa chinangwa che90%. Izvi hazvigoneke nekutsamira pane imwe nzira. Haisi tekinoroji yega-yakadai se CO2 kubatwa kana mitsva yemaindasitiri mhinduro-kana mazano akavakirwa chete pakudzoreredza kwezvakatipoteredza achave akakwana. Kubudirira kuchaenderana nekubatanidzwa kwakangwara kwezvose zviri zviviri, pamwe nekugadzirisa kumamiriro emunharaunda uye kuongororwa kwakasimba kwezvipingamupinyi, kubudirira uye kusimba kwezviito zvekutora.
Nhaurirano yazvino inoendererawo kuchikamu chekugadzira, uko zvirongwa zvitsva uye rubatsiro rweveruzhinji zviri kubuda zvinokurudzira kutorwa kwemaitiro akasimba uye kusvibiswaMakambani anobva kumatunhu akasiyana akatanga kutarisa nezve decarbonization, kuongororwa kwemaitiro ekugadzira, uye kushandiswa kwesimba rinodzokororwa sechikamu chekupindura kune dambudziko repasi rose regreenhouse effect.
Chikumbiro cheEuropean che2040 chinoisa nzira yakajeka, ichiri pasi pekukakavadzana kwezvematongerwo enyika nemagariro. Vagari nenyanzvi vanobvumirana nekukasika kwekuita, sezvo zvinangwa izvi zvichange zvakakosha kwete kune ramangwana remamiriro ekunze ekondinendi chete, asiwo kune ramangwana rayo. kukwikwidzana, kugara zvakanaka uye kusimba kutarisana nedenho dzemhoteredzo dzezana ramakore rechi21.