Nhasi tichataura pamusoro pegungwa rinoshambidza mahombekombe eRussia neJapan. Zvayo ndezve Gungwa reOkhotsk. Iyo inowanikwa kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kwePacific Ocean pamhenderekedzo yekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweAsia. Iri igungwa rakaumbwa nenzira yekuda kuziva uye rakakosha mune zvehupfumi nhasi.
Muchikamu chino tichaenda kukuudza zvese hunhu, kuumbwa uye kukosha kweGungwa reOkhotsk.
Mhando huru
Iri igungwa rinogeza mabhandi ematunhu eRussia neJapan. Yayo yakazara nzvimbo ndeye 1.6 mamirioni emakiromita emakiromita uye iri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kwePacific Ocean. Iine miganho inotsanangurwa nechamhembe kwechikamu cheSiberia pamhenderekedzo, kumadokero nechitsuwa cheSakhalin, kumabvazuva ne iyo Kamchatka Peninsula neKuril Islands. Kumhenderekedzo yekuchamhembe kwechitsuwa cheJapan cheHokkaido ndiwo muganho wekumaodzanyemba kwegungwa iri.
Iko kuumbwa kwave kuri kwekuda kuziva kubvira payakaumbwa mumamirioni maviri apfuura makore semhedzisiro yeanoteedzana mazera echando. Kuenderera mberi kwechando uye kunyungudika kwave kuunza kuyerera kwakakwana munzizi dzemakondinendi kupedzisira kugeza aya mahombekombe. Gungwa regungwa rakadzika kuchamhembe nekumadokero, asi rinowana kudzika zvishoma patinoenda kumaodzanyemba. Muchikamu chisina kudzika tinowana mavhareji e200 metres chete. Sezvatinoenda kuchikamu chekumaodzanyemba tinowana iyo yakadzika poindi iyo iri muKuril Trench. Iyi nzvimbo yakadzika ndeye 2.500 metres.
Gungwa reOkhotsk Inotaridzika nekuve nemakondinendi emahombekombe ane akakwirira uye ane mabwe maitiro Anowanzoita semawere ane dombo rakawanda uye kureba. Nzizi huru dzinoyerera dzichipinda mumhenderekedzo idzi, dzinodzidyisa: Amur, Tugur, Uda, Okhota, Gizhiga uye Penzhina. Tichazotaura nezveyokutanga gare gare, sezvo iri iro rinodira mvura yakawanda uye ndiro rine basa rokuwedzera mvura zhinji mugungwa. Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezvemamwe makungwa ari munyika, unogona kutarisa runyorwa rwedu rwe makungwa enyika, pakati payo pane Gungwa reOkhotsk.
Kune rimwe divi, kumahombekombe ezvitsuwa zveHokkaido neSakhalin hunhu hwakadzikira. Mawere madiki uye mashoma kudombo pakuonekwa. Izvi zvinotarisa kuti munyu wakadzikira mumvura yegungwa kuchamhembe nekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero. Iko kufamba kune mafungu eGungwa reOkhotsk anopesana nemawoko. Izvi zvinowanzoitika sezvo iri kuchamhembe kwenyika. Mvura inodziya inotonhora kubva kuGungwa reJapan yakananga kuchamhembe chikamu ichipfuura neStrarait yeTartary. Iyi strait iri pamusoro pekuparadzanisa Sakhalin kubva ku continent.
Mvura iyi inodarikawo paStrait yePerouse iri pakati peSakhalin neHokkaido. Chimwe chikamu chinopinda muGungwa reOkhotsk ndiwo akadzikama emvura yegungwa anouya achibva kuPacific kuburikidza nemikana yevaKuriles.
Mamiriro ekunze eGungwa reOkhotsk
Ngatione kuti mamiriro ekunze egungwa iri. Iyo ndiyo inotonhora kwazvo munzvimbo yese yeEast Asia. Munguva yemwaka wechando, mamiriro ekunze nehutongi hwakanyatsofanana neiko kwemakungwa eArctic. Ndokunge, zvinoita sekunge igungwa riri padanda rekuchamhembe. Tembiricha yakaderera inowanikwa mukati megore rose. Matunhu aripo Kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva, Maodzanyemba, uye West kunosangana nemamiriro ekunze akakomba munguva yechando. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekurudziro iyo kondinendi yeAsia ine mamiriro ekunze. Nechekare mumwedzi waGumiguru kusvika Kubvumbi tinowana tembiricha yakaderera ine mavhareji ari pasi pe0 madhigirii. Iyi tembiricha, inoenderera uye inotsigirwa nekufamba kwenguva, inoita kuti gungwa riite chando.
Muzvikamu zvekumaodzanyemba nekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva ine mamiriro ekunze emugungwa sezvo iri padyo nePacific Ocean. Avhareji yemvura inonaya pagore ndeye 400 mm kuchamhembe, 700 mm kumadokero uye ingangoita chiuru chamamirimita kumaodzanyemba uye kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva. Kunyangwe chikamu chekuchamhembe chisinganyanye kunaya, tembiricha yacho iri pasi zvakanyanya uye gungwa rinotonhora.
Zvehupfumi hupfumi hweGungwa reOkhotsk
Sezvatakataura pakutanga kwechinyorwa, gungwa iri harina kukosha chete kubva pakuona kwehupenyu asiwo kubva kune imwe nzvimbo yehupfumi. Ngatitangei tiongorore kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu zvegungwa iri. Irimwe remakungwa ane zvibereko zvikuru pasi rose. Uye ine mugero werwizi unobatsira kuburitsa huwandu hwemvura. huwandu hwemvura yakatakurwa nezvinovaka muviri iyo inofarira kuwanda kwehupenyu. Pamusoro pezvo, ine shanduko huru yemasaisai egungwa nekusimudzira kwemvura yegungwa yakadzika izere nezvinovaka muviri uye zvinhu zvakanaka zvekusimudzira zvipenyu zvakasiyana.
Iyo maruva inomiririrwa kunyanya nemhando dzakasiyana dzealgae. Aya maalgae ari ezvakanaka zvebhizimusi kufarira kune zvakawanda zvigadzirwa. Mune mhuka dzayo, mussels, makamba, urchin yegungwa, pakati pevamwe, anomira. Kana iri mhando dzehove dzakakosha mukutengeserana, isu tine herring, pollock, cod, salmon, nezvimwe. Kunyangwe iri diki muchiyero, Gungwa reOkhotsk rinogarwawo nezvimwe zvipuka zvemumvura, zvinosanganisira mawhale, shumba dzegungwa nezvisimbiso.
Kubata hove kwakakosha kuhupfumi hweRussia. Kugara ngarava inobatanidza madoko ekumabvazuva eRussia inoitwa kuburikidza neGungwa reOkhotsk, iro rinotora basa rakakosha muhupfumi hwedunhu. Aizi inofukidza gungwa iri rakaoma nechando munguva yechando imhinganidzo kukufamba kwemugungwa, nepo mhute iri chipingamupinyi muchirimo. Kunyange zvazvo iri yekufarira kukuru kwekutengeserana, zvine ngozi kufamba munzvimbo idzi. Imwe njodzi yatingasangana nayo pakufamba mugungwa iri imhepo ine simba nematombo akanyura. Zvinogona kukonzera kuputsika muzvikepe uye tsaona dzisingadiwi.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezveGungwa reOkhotsk nehunhu hwayo.