Astronomy yatora rimwe danho mukudzidza kwenyika dziri kure nekuda kwekutorwa kusati kwamboitika: the james webb space telescope yakakwanisa kutora yakananga foto inotonhora exoplanet inowanikwa chete Makore 12 echiedza zveNyika. Zviri pamusoro Epsilon Indi Ab, nyika hombe yegasi iyo, nekuda kwehunhu hwayo, inotibvumira kutarisa munhoroondo yekushanduka-shanduka kwesolar system yedu nekurongeka kusati kwamboitwa.
Pachiitiko ichi, vaongorori vakashandisa chiridzwa chepamusoro coronagraph MIRI (Mid-Infrared) kuti iparadzanise chiedza chepasi kubva pakupenya kunopofumadza kwenyeredzi yaro inotambira, Epsilon Indi A. Chigumisiro ndicho chifananidzo chakapinza uye chakanyatsojeka cheiyo inotonhorera exoplanet yakambowanikwa, chiitiko chinogoneka chete neWebb's pioneering technology.
Kuwanikwa kweEpsilon Indi Ab Izvo hazvina basa chete nekuda kwekuva pedyo kwayo nePasi, asiwo nekuda kwekushaikwa kwayo: mapuraneti erudzi urwu, ane tembiricha yakaderera uye akakwanisa kutariswa zvakananga, zvisingaverengeki gumi nemaviri mune rekodhi yazvino.
Mufananidzo usina kujairika: Epsilon Indi Ab, iyo yakanyanya kudzidzwa inotonhora exoplanet
Nyika Epsilon Indi Ab yave ichifadza nzanga yesainzi kwemakore. Kuvapo kwayo kwaizivikanwa kuburikidza nezviyero zvisina kunanga, kunyanya kuburikidza neradial velocity tekinoroji, iyo inoona kutenderera kudiki kwenyeredzi kunokonzerwa negiravhiti repasi rakakura. Zvisinei, kusvikira zvino, hapana akanga akwanisa kuzvicherechedza zvakananga.
Kushandisa sensitivity ye MIRI, James Webb akatora chiedza che infrared chakabudiswa naEpsilon Indi Ab pachake. Iri zano rakakosha pakuona mapuraneti anotonhora, ayo akasara kupisa kusingachakwani kuti abudise mune zvinoonekwa, asi anogona kuratidzwa mukati me-infrared. Mufananidzo wacho unoratidza muviri wakaita senge poindi, usina kugadziriswa padhisiki, uko mwenje we10,6-micron unoonekwa mumatoni ebhuruu uye 15,5-micron mwenje unooneka mune orenji toni. Nzvimbo yenyeredzi yekutanga inocherechedzwa, kunyangwe mwenje wayo wakabviswa nekoronagraph.
Mhedzisiro yakakosha zvakapetwa kaviri: haingobvumiri chete kuvapo kwepasi uye hunhu hwayo hwakakosha, asi zvakare inobvumira maitiro ayo emuchadenga kuti aenzaniswe neaya ehofori yegasi muzuva redu.
Ne tembiricha inofungidzirwa ye2 degrees Celsius chete -zvichinyatsoenderana nemvura yemvura paPasi-, Epsilon Indi Ab ndeimwe yeanotonhora exoplanets ane yakananga uye yakadzama yekutarisa. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive chirevo chakakosha pakuongorora mamiriro emuchadenga akapfuma mumisanganiswa yakaita semethane, kabhoni monoxide, uye kabhoni dhayokisaidhi, iyo inogona kuvepo muhuwandu uye nekunyatso shandura kunyudzwa kwechiedza chinosvika kwatiri.
Irabhoritari yechisikigo yekunzwisisa kushanduka kwehurongwa hwemapuraneti
Nyeredzi Epsilon Indi A, muenzi weiyi exoplanet, iorenji dwarf yakati tonhore uye yezera rakafanana neZuva redu. Kuti nyika yakakura kudaro uye inotonhora inotenderera nyeredzi yerudzi urwu inopa vazivi venyeredzi mukana we Ongorora maitiro ekuumbwa kwemapuraneti uye kushanduka kwemuchadenga mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana zvikuru uye asi kure nekwedu..
Maererano nemuongorori Caroline Morley (Yunivhesiti yeTexas kuAustin), kusvika zvino kuvepo kweEpsilon Indi Ab kwanga kwangove kwakatorwa kuburikidza ongororo isina kunanga. Kuisarudza seyakanyanya kutariswa teresikopu yeJames Webb kwaive kupindura tarisiro yekuwana nyika "yakafanana neJupiter kupfuura chero imwe yakatorwa mifananidzo kusvika zvino."
Munyori mukuru, Elisabeth Matthews (Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Germany), inoonesa kuti mazhinjisa eexoplanets akacherekedzwa zvakananga kusvika zvino akanga ari miviri miduku, inopisa. "Sezvo mapuraneti achitonhorera uye akabatana muhupenyu hwavo, anova asina kujeka uye anonetsa kudzidza," Matthews anotsanangura. Iri ndiro rimwe rematambudziko makuru kune akura exoplanet astrophysics.
Epsilon Indi Ab saka mukana usingawanikwe wekuongorora hofori yegasi padanho rekushanduka-shanduka, rakafanana neremitumbi mikuru mune yedu solar system.
Chinhu chinonyanya kufadza kune nyanzvi ndiko kugona kwe ongorora kuumbwa kweatmospheric chaizvo. Epsilon Indi Ab inongodziya 100 madhigirii kupfuura Jupiter neSaturn, zvichibvumira kuenzanisa kwekutonhora kukuru, kudonhedza, uye maitiro ekuchenesa mhepo. Uyezve, zvichienzaniswa nemahara-anoyangarara ebrown dwarfs, Epsilon Indi Ab yakatotonhoresa, ichitibvumira kudzidza kuti mamodeli azvino anoratidza sei chokwadi chakaonekwa.
Zvinoshamisa kunyange masayendisiti pachavo
Kunyangwe kuvepo kweEpsilon Indi Ab kwakange kwafanotaurwa neradial velocity mapatani enyeredzi yayo, maparameter ayo chaiwo akavhiringa timu. Nyika yakazoita - sekureva kwekutarisa kweWebb - kanenge kaviri huwandu hwaitarisirwa, inotenderera zvishoma kubva kune nyeredzi yayo, uye inotsanangura nzira yakasiyana pane yakambofanotaurwa. Uku kusawirirana pakati pekufungidzira kwefungidziro uye kuyerwa kwakananga kunoratidza kuomarara kwehurongwa hwemapuraneti uye kudiwa kwekudzidza mamwe macasi emumunda ane data chaiyo.
Chikwata ichi chinonongedzawo kune kumwe kutaridzika kwemuchadenga kunoita kuti data riome kududzira. Zvinoenderana nekuongorora kwekutanga, Epsilon Indi Ab haina kupenya kupenya pane yaitarisirwa paipfupi wavelengths, izvo zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa ne mamiriro ekunze akaremerwa nemethane nemamwe magasi anotora kana chivharo chegore. Hunhu uhu, husina kujairika kumapuraneti ane hunhu hwakafanana, hunovhura mitsetse mitsva yetsvagiridzo mumakemikoro nemaitiro emuviri ayo anodzora mhepo yepasi pasi pemamiriro ekunze ekupisa.
Parizvino, boka racho rine mashoma mafotometric kuyerwa, uye kumwe kutarisisa kwekutarisa kunozodiwa kuti uone kuti ndezvipi zvikamu zvinotonga mhepo uye kuti zvinokanganisa sei kubuda kwemwaranzi.
