Kunzwisisa mwaranzi yezuva uye kusiyana kwayo pakati pechirimo nechando kwakakosha pakuongorora maitiro ayo pamamiriro ekunze ePasi uye kugona kwesimba remagetsi, kunyanya solar panel. Gore rega rega, mwaka unounza mazinga akasiyana echiedza, kusimba kwezuva, uye tembiricha, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakananga huwandu hwesimba rinogamuchirwa uye rinoshandiswa, zvese maererano nemamiriro ekunze uye maererano nekushandiswa kwesimba remumba nebhizinesi.
Mhedzisiro yekusiyana uku inodarika huwandu hwekugadzira magetsi: inokanganisa kupisa kwemhepo, kutenderera kwemvura, kurima, uye hutano hwevanhu. Uye zvakare, kunzwisisa maitiro ezuva nemwaranzi mumwaka wega wega unobvumira kukwenenzvera kuisirwa photovoltaic, kutora maitiro ari nani ekudzivirira zuva, uye kutarisira simba uye shanduko yemamiriro ekunze.
Nei mwaranzi yezuva ichisiyana gore rose?
Mwaranzi wezuva uchisvika paPasi haurambe wakafanana nekufamba kwenguva, asi unochinja zvichienderana nemwaka nenzvimbo yepasi. Kusiyana uku kunonyanya kukonzerwa ne kurerekera kweakisi yepasi maererano nekutenderera kweNyika kutenderera zuva. Kana Northern Hemisphere yakarerekera kuZuva (munenge muna Chikumi), inogamuchira chiedza chezuva chakanyanya kwemaawa akawanda, zvichiita kuti muzhizha. Zvisinei, munguva yechando, kurereka kwacho kunopesana, uye zuva rinooneka rakadzika mujengachenga, zvichiita kuti maawa mashoma emasikati abude uye mwaranzi wezuva ushoma.
Hazvirevi kuti nyika iri pedyo zvakanyanya kana kure neZuva muzhizha kana muchando., sezvinofungwa dzimwe nguva, asi kwakananga kwemwaranzi yezuva ndiko kunochinja, nokudaro kuchikanganisa kusimba uye nguva yeheatstrokeIchi chiitiko chinotsanangura kusiyana kwekushisa, chiedza, uye kupisa panguva dzakasiyana dzegore.
Hunhu hwezuva nemwaranzi muzhizha nemuchando
La solar radiation muzhizha Inowanzo nyanya kusimba, nemwaranzi yezuva inobata perpendicularly uye yakananga pamusoro. Izvi zvinoturikira mumaawa akawanda echiedza chemasikati, tembiricha yakakwira uye nemwaranzi yakakura inogamuchirwa pamativi emamita. chando, mwaranzi yezuva inodonhera pakona yakati sandara, inopfuura nepakati pemhepo yakapoteredza pasi uye inobudisa kupisa uye simba shoma, achipindirana nemazuva mapfupi.
Mukuwedzera, iyo nzira yezuva inosiyana, ichiva yakaderera zvakanyanya panguva yechando, iyo inokanganisa nguva yechiedza chezuva uye mu huwandu hwemwaranzi inotorwa nepamusoro pePasiMhedzisiro iyi musiyano wakakura pakati pezhizha nechando maererano nemwaranzi uye tembiricha.
Zvinhu zvinokanganisa mwaranzi yezuva uye kushandiswa kwayo
- Nguva dzemasikati: Muzhizha, mazuva anogona kupedza maawa anopfuura gumi nemashanu, nepo munguva yechando anogona kupfupika semaawa 15-8, zvichienderana nelatitude.
- Kurerekera kwemwaranzi yezuva: Iyo perpendicularity yemwaranzi muzhizha inofarira kunyura kwesimba rakakura, nepo kurerekera muchando kunoderedza kusimba.
- Mamiriro ekunze: Kuvapo kwemakore, mhute, mvura kana chando kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya mwaranzi yakananga uye kukurudzira kupararira kwechiedza, zvichikanganisa simba rinogamuchirwa.
- Tembiricha yezvakatipoteredza: Kunyange zvazvo zvichiita sezvinopesana, Photovoltaic solar panels inoshanda zvakanyanya pakudziya kwakadzika, sezvo kupisa kwakanyanya kunogona kuderedza kushanda kwezvinhu zve semiconductor.
- Nzvimbo: Latitudes padyo ne equator inowana mwaranzi yakakura yegore negore, asi urefu nemamiriro ekunze enzvimbo zvakare zvine basa.
Mhedzisiro pakubudirira uye kushanda kwesimba kwesolar panels
Inhema kuti solar panels inoshanda chete muzhizha.. Muchokwadi, kushanda kwayo kunoenderana ne mwaranzi yezuva yakagamuchirwa uye kwete kubva mukupisa kwemukati. Photovoltaic modules inogona kubudisa simba kunyange mumwedzi inotonhora zvikuru, chero bedzi chiedza chezuva chiripo, kunyange zvazvo kugadzirwa kwese kunoderera nekuda kwezuva rakapfupika rezuva.
En Zuva, kusimba kukuru uye nguva yemwaranzi inofambisa a kugadzirwa kwesimba kwepamusoro, kunyange zvazvo tembiricha yepamusoro inogona kuderedza kushanda zvakanaka kwakati: padhigirii rega rega pani inodarika 25°C, kuita kwayo kunogona kudzikiswa kusvika pa0,44%. Zvisinei, mazuva akareba anotsiva kurasikirwa uku.
Pane kupokana, mu chandoKunyangwe paine maawa mashoma emasikati uye mikana yakawanda yekunyungudika, tembiricha yakaderera inofarira solar module kushanda ne kushanda kwakanyanya pachikamu chechiedza kubatwa. Kunyangwe nechiedza chezuva chishoma, simba rinowanikwa rinoshandiswa zviri nani.
Chaiyo simba rekugadzira data: mwaka kuenzanisa
Kuenzanisira misiyano iyi, data chaiyo kubva pakumisikidzwa kwephotovoltaic senge yakanyorwa muAlmería inogona kuongororwa, apo 5,20 kWp (kilowatt peak) system yakaratidza inotevera chizvarwa chegore nhamba panguva kubva muna Zvita 2022 kusvika Mbudzi 2023:
| MAI | kugadzirwa (kWh) |
|---|---|
| December 2022 | 425,13 |
| January 2023 | 581,24 |
| February 2023 | 512,33 |
| March 2023 | 865,90 |
| April 2023 | 905,34 |
| Chivabvu 2023 | 791,91 |
| June 2023 | 856,43 |
| Julio 2023 | 835,15 |
| Agosto 2023 | 804,55 |
| Nyamavhuvhu 2023 | 672,76 |
| Gumiguru 2023 | 648,15 |
| November 2023 | 506,99 |
Sezvaunogona kuona, iyo Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kunowedzera zvakanyanya kubva munaKurume kusvika Nyamavhuvhu, ichipindirana nechirimo nechirimo, nepo mwedzi yechando ichiratidza nhamba dzakaderera zvikuru.
| MWAKA | kugadzirwa (kWh) |
|---|---|
| Primavera | 2.563,15 |
| Zuva | 2.496,13 |
| Autumn | 1.827,90 |
| Nguva yechando | 1.518,70 |
Zvinonakidza kuziva kuti kunyangwe chirimo nechitubu zvichitungamira mukugadzira simba, Kushanda kwemapanera kunogona kunge kwakakwirira mumwedzi inotonhora, sezvo vasingatamburi kurasikirwa kwekupisa uye vane mamiriro akanyanya kugadzikana ezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.
Kuita uye kushanda kwemagetsi ezuva munguva yechando
Kusiyana nezvingafungwa nevakawanda, chando hachina kufanana nekugadzirwa kwezuva kwakaderera kana kusashanda.. Kunyangwe paine maawa mashoma ekupenya kwezuva uye kuvepo kukuru kwemafu kana mhute, photovoltaic mapaneru akagadzirirwa kutora mukana wezvose zviri zviviri. chiedza chakananga uye chinoparadzira, ichigadzira magetsi kunyange mumazuva ane makore.
Muchokwadi, tembiricha yakaderera inogona kuve mubatsiri: Iyo semiconductor zvinhu mu solar panels inoshanda zvakanyanya mukutonhora kwemamiriro ekunze., zvichiita kuti chiedza chezuva chishandurwe kuita magetsi. Kupisa kwakanyanya, kune rumwe rutivi, kunogona kukanganisa ma modules uye kuderedza hupenyu hwavo.
Mumamiriro echando, kana mapaneru akachena uye akajeka, anogona kutogamuchira chiedza chakaratidzwa, kuwedzera zvishoma kuwedzera kwezuva.
Kuenzanisa kwakanaka: zhizha rinopesana nechando
Kana tikaenzanisa kugadzirwa kwesimba kwenzvimbo yakapihwa, nguva yechando inowanzopa pakati pe20% ne60% yekugadzirwa kwezuva kana mwaka wekunyanya kupisa kwezuva.Mhosva chaiyo inoenderana nenzvimbo, kurerekera kwemapanera, uye mamiriro ekunze.
Semuyenzaniso, kumaodzanyemba kweSpain, nzvimbo inogona kuburitsa inenge 60% yesimba rinogadzirwa muchirimo kana chirimo muchando, nepo mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekuchamhembe kana dzine makore, chikamu chinogona kudzikira.
Mukuwedzera, iyo Kubudirira pachikamu chechiedza chakagamuchirwa chinogona kunge chakanyanya muchando nekuda kweiyo yakadzika ambient tembiricha, iyo inokwidziridza maitiro esemiconductors uye inoderedza kurasikirwa kwekupisa.
Basa rekutarisa, kurerekera uye kugadzirisa
Kunyatso gadzirisa kutaridzika uye kurerekera kwesolar panel kwakakosha pakuwedzera kushandiswa kwemwaranzi mumwaka miviri.Munguva yechando, zvinokurudzirwa kuwedzera kurereka kuti utore zvirinani mwaranzi yezuva inosvika kuzasi pajengachenga.
El kugara uchigadzirisa Zvakaenzana zvakakosha: kuunganidzwa kwechando, guruva, kana tsvina kunogona kuderedza kugadzirwa kusvika 6,5%. Naizvozvo, kuchenesa mushure memamiriro ekunze asina kunaka kwakakosha kuti mapaneru arambe achiita nepaanogona napo.
Tekinoroji mhinduro uye mazano ekugadzirisa mashandiro
- Bifacial panels: Vanoshandisa chiedza chinoratidzwa nechando kana nharaunda, vachiwedzera kubatwa mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka.
- Solar tracking masisitimu: Vanobvumira kutaridzika kwemapanera kuti kugadziriswe zuva rose uye gore, kuwedzera kuratidzwa kwemwaranzi.
- Masisitimu ekuchengetedza magetsi: Vanounganidza simba rinogadzirwa mumaawa echiedza chezuva chakanyanya kushandiswa gare gare, kunyanya kubatsira munguva yechando uye mumazuva ane makore.
- Otomatiki kuongorora uye kuchenesa: Inobatsira kubviswa kwechando kana tsvina pasina dzimwe njodzi kana kuedza.
Mamiriro ekunze, solar radiation uye maitiro avo munharaunda uye zvakatipoteredza
Solar radiation haingokanganisa kugadzirwa kwesimba remagetsi chete, asi chinhu chiri pakati pemamiriro ekunze epasi rose, kutenderera kwekurima uye hutano hwevanhu.Kuwedzera mwaranzi kunoreva kunyungudika, kuumbwa kwegore, uye mamiriro ekunze, nepo mwedzi ine chiedza chezuva chakaderera ichigona kukonzera kutonhora kwakanyanya uye kudiwa kukuru kwekudziya.
La kutarisana kwenguva refu nemwaranzi yezuva yakanyanya Inogonawo kukuvadza ganda, kuwedzera njodzi yekupiswa nezuva, kuchembera kweganda, uye melanoma. Nechikonzero ichi, kushandisa sunscreen gore rose kwakakosha, sezvo UV, UVA, infrared, uye mwaranzi inooneka inokanganisa dermis kunyangwe munguva yechando.
Nhema uye chokwadi pamusoro pemwaranzi yezuva munguva yechando
Kutenda kusina kururama kwakapararira kwokuti mwaranzi yezuva inonyangarika muchando kana kuti solar panel inomira kushanda zvakanaka.Kunyangwe kusimba kuchidzikira uye mazuva ari mapfupi, pane nguva dzose simba rinowanikwa rekutora nekushandura.
Chimwe chokwadi ndechekuti Sinou nemvura inogona kubatsira kuchenesa mapaneru, kuvandudza kushanda kwavo, kunyange zvazvo vanogonawo kuvhara chiedza kwekanguva kana vakaunganidza pamusoro pemapuranga. Kuiswa kwakawanda kwemazuva ano kwakagadzirwa nemateru akakwana kufambisa sinou kutsvedza uye kutsungirira mamiriro ekunze asina kunaka.
Makiyi ekuchengetedza yakakwira solar performance gore rese
- Nguva nenguva tarisa mamiriro uye kuchena kwemapuranga.
- Gadzirisa kurerekera kunoenderana nemwaka nenzvimbo yenzvimbo.
- Sarudza zvinhu uye matekinoroji anopesana nekupisa kwakanyanya uye mamiriro ekunze.
- Monitor kugadzirwa uye nekukurumidza kugadzirisa chero nyaya kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwesimba.
Mamiriro ekunze uye simba zvinokonzerwa nekusiyana kwemwaranzi yezuva
Kusaenzana mukuuya kwemwaranzi yezuva kuPasi kwakakosha pakunzwisisa maitiro emamiriro ekunze.Kuchinjana kwemwaka, mhepo, mvura, uye kusanaya kwemvura kwakanyatsoenderana nekutenderera kwezuva uye huwandu hwesimba rinogamuchirwa.
Zvakare, masisitimu emagetsi anoshandisa mwaranzi iyi, senge solar panels, anoita basa rinowedzera kukosha mukushanduka kuenda kumamodhi akasimba, kuderedza kuburitswa uye kuvimba nemafuta efosi.
Mwaranzi yezuva, nekusiyana kwayo kwemwaka, haingotaridzi kugona kwekuisa photovoltaic, asiwo inoumba mamiriro ekunze edu, tsika dzedu, uye kugara zvakanaka kwezvipenyu uye nzanga. Kuisa mari muruzivo, kudzivirira uye tekinoroji ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekuwedzera mabhenefiti ayo uye kudzivirira njodzi dzayo. mumwaka wega wega wegore.