Iyo Arctic inzvimbo isina njodzi zvakanyanya mukushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, uye masayendisiti ari kuwedzera kushamiswa nemamiriro ayo asina kujairika. Mumakore achangopfuura, takaona tembiricha mudunhu iri ichisvika pakakwirira zvinokatyamadza, zvichiita kuti chando chinyunguduke zvisina mukare akamboona. Maererano neongororo yakaitwa neThe Washington Post, tembiricha mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeArctic inogona kukwira nekupfuura 50 madhigirii Celsius pamusoro peavhareji yakajairika.
Iyo arctic inonyungudika
Mamiriro ekunze eArctic anozivikanwa nekuzungunuka zvakanyanya; Zvisinei, kuwedzera tembiricha mudunhu iri kwakanyanyisa uye kunogara kwenguva refu zvekuti kuri kukonzera kutya kukuru pakati pemasayendisiti. Kubva mumashoko achangoburwa, zvakaonekwa kuti mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeArctic, tembiricha mumwedzi waNdira yakaramba iripo 11ºC pamusoro penguva dzose, tichitora sereferensi yenguva kubva muna 1981 kusvika muna 2010. Chiitiko ichi chinogona kunge chine chekuita nenzira iyo kupisa kunotyisa muArctic inokanganisa mamiriro ekunze epasi rose uye kuti Aizi yeArctic inonyungudukawo muchando.
Mutungamiriri weNational Snow and Ice Data Center muBoulder, Colorado, akataura kunetseka kwake mumagazini yacho pasi, achisimbisa kuti “pashure pokudzidza Arctic nemamiriro okunze ayo kwemakumi matatu emakore nehafu, ndakagumisa kuti zvakaitika mugore rapfuura zvinopfuura kunyanyisa.
Kuderera muhuwandu hwemazuva ekutonhora
Huwandu hwemazuva echando muArctic hwadzikira zvakanyanya kana zvichienzaniswa neimwe nguva. Nyanzvi yezvemamiriro ekunze Eric Holthaus akagovera mifananidzo inoratidza kudzikiswa kwakakosha uku, zvichiratidza kuti zviri kuitika zvinoratidza mazuva ari kudzikira apo mvura inogwamba munzvimbo iyi. Izvi zvinomutsa mubvunzo: tiri kuenda kune isingazivikanwe? Vezvesayenzi, kutaura idi, vanodavira kudaro. Parizvino, chifukidziro chechando muArctic chakawedzera mutete kupfuura zvazvinofanira kuva, zvichiratidza kuti kana izvi zvikaramba zvichienderera mberi, tinogona kukurumidza kuona kusavapo kweaizi mumwedzi yezhizha kuNorth Pole.
Ongororo ichangobva kuitika yakaitwa ne Ongororo Yezvakatipoteredza: Mamiriro ekunze inoratidza kuti kudziya kweArctic kunogona kuve kwakabatana nekubuda kwemhepo inotonhora muUK nenzvimbo dziri pedyo dzeEurope, pamwe neNorth America neAsia. Tsvagiridzo yacho inopedzisa kuti, zvinokatyamadza, kunyangwe paine kudziya kusingaite muArctic, kuputika uku kunogona kuenderera uye kuve kwakanyanya kuitika muNorthern Hemisphere. Izvi zvinosanganiswa neinonzi "Arctic amplification" uye iyo Kuwedzera kuvharika kwegore muArctic kunogona kukanganisa greenhouse effect.
Kupisa kusina kujairika muchando
Chiitiko chekupisa zvisingaite kweArctic tembiricha hachisi chiitiko chega. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, zvinonzi North Pole yakanyora tembiricha yakanaka pakati pechando. Chiitiko ichi chakashamisa nyanzvi dzezvemamiriro ekunze nenyanzvi dzemamiriro ekunze, zvichiratidza kuoma kwedambudziko remamiriro ekunze rakatarisana nedunhu iri. Kubva pane data yakaunganidzwa kubva pazviteshi zvepasi uye masetelliti, zvakaonekwa kuti tembiricha muArctic yakasvika nhanho kusvika 34 madhigirii Celsius pamusoro penguva dzose.
Chimwe chakonzera kuti zvinhu izvi zviitike inyaya yemamiriro ekunze asina kunaka ayo anogara kuNorth Pole izvo zvakonzera kuti kutonhora kukwire uye kutanga kwemwaka wekunyungudika. Iyi inomaly yakaratidzwa mukati rekodhi tembiricha, zvichiita kuti nyanzvi dzitsanangure sehupengo hwemamiriro ekunze hunosimbisa kukanganisa kwemamiriro ekunze. Izvi zvinoratidzawo kukosha kwekunzwisisa kuti sei kunyunguduka kweArctic zvinokanganisa pasi rose, pamwe chete nechokwadi chokuti .
Zvikonzero zvekudziya kweArctic
Zvinokonzera kukurumidza kudziya muArctic zvakawanda uye zvakaoma. Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru ndiko kurasikirwa kwe chando chegungwa, iyo yakaderera zvikuru mumakore gumi apfuura. Aizi iyi, iyo yaimboita semucherechedzo wechiedza chezuva, iri kutsiviwa nemvura, iyo inotora kupisa kwakawanda, ichigadzira loop yemhinduro inowedzera kuwedzera kudziya.
Zviitwa zvevanhu zvine basa rakakosha mukuita uku. Greenhouse gasi kuburitsa uye kusvibiswa kwemhepo zvakakonzera kuwedzera kwe tembiricha mudunhu. Pamusoro pezvo, kukwira kwetembiricha yemvura kwakabvumira kuti mvura yemugungwa inodziya iende kuchamhembe, zvichiunza kudziya kunzvimbo dzagara dzichitonhora.
Kunyange munzvimbo umo aizi yakanyunguduka, dzakadai seGreenland, chimiro chinotyisa chakatanga kubuda: mwaka wokunyunguduka watanga. kare kupfuura zvaitarisirwa, kuwedzera nzvimbo yakatarisana nekupisa uye kukurumidza kunyungudutswa. Izvi zvinomutsa kushushikana kwezvose zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye nehuwandu hwevanhu zvinoenderana nemhoteredzo iyi. Zvinogona kubatsira kuongorora kuti chiitiko ichi chinobata sei mamwe matunhu, sezvataurwa mu hukama huri pakati pekunyunguduka kweArctic neSpain nekukanganisa kwayo mamiriro ekunze epasi rose.
Mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze
Kubatana kweArctic nedzimwe nyika kwave kuoneka zvakanyanya. Chii chinoitika muArctic chine a global impact, inokanganisa mamiriro ekunze muEurope, North America nedzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi. Mamiriro okunze akaipisisa, akadai sechando chiri kumaodzanyemba, ane chokuita nokudziya kweArctic. Hukama uhwu hunoburitsa kukosha kwekuenderera mberi nekutarisa dunhu rino uye kudiwa kwechimbichimbi chekuita kuderedza kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
Kana dziri mhuka dzomusango, kunyunguduka kweaizi yomugungwa kunopa ngozi dzakakomba kumhuka dzinotsamira paiyi pokugara, dzakadai se polar mabheya neshiri dzegungwa. Kutama uye kudya kwemarudzi aya kuri kuchinjwa, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kutsakatika kwemamwe acho kana matanho akasatorwa kudzivirira nzvimbo dzadzo.
Ongororo dzinoratidza kuti Arctic yatodziya kakapetwa kana nekukurumidza kupfuura avhareji yepasi rose kubva muna 1979. Uku kunowedzera kudziya uku hakungokanganisa tembiricha yemuno chete, asiwo zvinokanganisa mamiriro ekunze munzvimbo dziri kure. Kupisa kwepasi rose uye kurasikirwa kwechando chegungwa kunobatsira kuwedzera kusagadzikana kwemhepo, izvo zvinogona kukonzera mamiriro ekunze akanyanyisa munguva yechando nezhizha. The Arctic Ocean acidification ndiko kumwe kunetseka kunobva pamamiriro ezvinhu aripo.
Migumisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze muArctic yakakura uye yakaoma. Kubva pakukanganisa kwekusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu kusvika kukuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze epasi rose, zviri pachena kuti remangwana reArctic, uye nekudaro pasi, riri panjodzi. Tichifunga nezvezviratidzo izvi, zvakakosha kuti matanho atorwe kuderedza kudziya kwepasi uye kuchengetedza iyi nharaunda isina kusimba yepasi.
