Nhasi tinodzokera kuastronomy. Mushure mekuongorora hunhu hweedu solar systemTakatanga nekutsanangura mapuraneti ese rimwe nerimwe. Takazviona izvozvo Mercury yaive nyika yepedyo kune zuva, Jupita chikuru pane zvese zvezuva uye Marte inogona kubata hupenyu. Nhasi tichatarisa pane iyo Planet Saturn. Imwe yemapuraneti mahombe maviri uye inozivikanwa nemhete yeasteroid. Iyo ipuraneti inogona kutaridzika zviri nyore kubva pasi.
Iwe unoda kuziva zvese zvakavanzika zveSaturn? Verenga pamusoro uye uwane.
Mhando huru
Saturn imwe nyika. Kumasayendisiti inoonekwa seimwe yemapuraneti anonyanya kufadza kuziva yezuva rese. Inosimbisa kuti ine huwandu hwakadzikira zvakanyanya kupfuura hwemvura uye inoumbwa zvachose nehydrogen, ine helium shoma uye methane. Kuti uongorore zvakadzama muchimiro chayo, zvinonakidza kuziva yakaoma ring system izvo zvakaripoteredza.
Iyo ndeyechikamu chemagineti mahombekombe uye ine rakasarudzika ruvara rinoiita kuti rimire kubva kune vamwe vese. Icho chakada kuita yero uye mukati mayo zvidimbu zvidiki zvemamwe mavara zvakasanganiswa. Vazhinji vanozvivhiringidza neJupiter asi ivo havana kana hukama kune mumwe nemumwe. Ivo vanosiyaniswa zvakajeka nemhete. Masayendisiti anofungidzira kuti maringi avo akagadzirwa nemvura, asi akasimba semakomo echando, makomo echando kana mamwe mabhora echando akasanganiswa neimwe mhando yeguruva remakemikari kunyanya.
Muna 1610 mhepo yakatenderedza nyika Saturn yakawanikwa kuvonga Galileo neteresikopu. Mukutsvaga ikoko kwakadzidzwa kuti mhepo dzinotenderera dzichitenderera dzichimhanya zvisingaverengeki kuti dzinomhanya zvakadii. Chinonyanya kukosha pane izvi zvese uye chinotyisa kune avo vanochiziva, ndechekuti zvinongoitika pane equator yepasi.
Chii chiri mukati uye mamiriro eSaturn akafanana?
Kusiyana nemamwe mapuraneti mune rezuva, huwandu hweSaturn hwakaderera pane hwemvura pasi redu. The mamiriro rinoumbwa zvizere rehydrogen. Pakati penyika, kuvapo kwezvinhu zvakati wandei kwayo kunogona kusimbiswa. Izvi zvinhu zvinorema zvinoumba zvivakwa zvakasimba zvine nyika sezvo ichiita diki diki rematombo rinonamira pamwechete kana kusanganisa matombo fomu mukati maro. Matombo aya vanokwanisa kusvika patembiricha ingangoita zviuru gumi nezvishanu.
Pamwe chete neJupiter, ivo vanoonekwa kwete chete mapuraneti makuru maviri ezuva, asiwo anopisa kwazvo. Kune avo vanofarira chiitiko chemapuraneti makuru, zvinonakidza kuongorora Neptune, nyika yemhepo, iyo inogoverawo mamwe maitiro akafanana.
Kana iri mhepo yayo, inoumbwa nehydrogen. Kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakaumbwa uye zvakafanira kuti uzive zvakanyanya sezvingabvira zvinhu zvese zvinogoneka kuti uzive hunhu hungave nahwo pasi rese.
Izvo zvakasara zvezvinhu zvine zvidiki zvidiki. Zviri nezve methane uye ammonia. Kune zvekare mamwe mwero wakasiyana wemagasi anopindira pamwe chete nezvinhu zvikuru zvakaita seethanol, acetylene uye phosphine. Aya ndiwo ega magasi akwanisa kuongororwa nenyanzvi, kunyangwe zvichizivikanwa kuti handiyo yega nziyo.
Mhete dzaSaturn dzinotambanukira kune iyo ndege yenyika kubva pamakumi matanhatu nemakumi matanhatu emakiromita kusvika zana nemazana matanhatu nemazana manomwe emakiromita pamusoro peequator yeSaturn uye iwo anoumbwa nezvidimbu zvine mvura yakawanda yechando. Hukuru hwega hwega hwezvimedu hunosara kubva kumicroscope guruva zvidimbu kusvika kumatombo mashoma muhukuru. Iyo yepamusoro albedo yemhete yacho inoratidza kuti iwo angave echimanje manje munhoroondo yesolar system.
Mwedzi nemasaiti
Pakati pezvese izvi zvinonakidza zvinoita kuti Saturn ive inonakidza nyika kuziva, isu tinofanirwa zvakare kusimbisa ma satellite ayo akaumbwa. Parizvino, satellites gumi nesere dzakazivikanwa uye dzakatumidzwa mazita nenyanzvi yefizikiki mumunda. Izvi zvinopa nyika kukosha uye kuita kwakawanda kwazviri. Kuti tizvizive zviri nani, tiri kuenda kutumidza mamwe acho.
Vanonyanya kuzivikanwa ndevaya inonzi Hyperion neIapetus, idzo dzakaumbwa chose nemvura mukati madzo asi dzakasimba zvekuti dzinofungidzirwa kuva dzakaoma nechando kana kuti dzakaita seaizi zvichiteerana.
Saturn ine zvese zvemukati uye zvekunze satellites. Pakati pevanodzidziswa pane akanyanya kukosha mune iyo orbit inonzi titan. Iyo ndeimwe yemwedzi mikuru yeSaturn, kunyangwe isingagone kuoneka zviri nyore sezvo yakakomberedzwa nemhute yeorenji mhute. Titan ndeimwe yemwedzi iyo inonyanya kugadzirwa neinenge yakazara nitrogen.
Iko mukati memwedzi uno kwakagadzirwa kabhoni hydroxide matombo, methane pakati pezvimwe zvinhu zvemakemikari zvakafanana nepasirese sezvariri. Huwandu hwacho hunowanzo fanana uye pakunyanya vangataura, kunyangwe muhukuru hwakafanana. Vaya vanofarira kutsvagisa mwedzi yeSaturn vanogona kutsvagisa Titan, iyo huru satellite yeSaturn, iyo ine maitiro akasiyana.
Kucherekedza kubva pasi
Sezvatakambotaura kare, ipuraneti inogona kucherechedzwa zviri nyore kubva kupuraneti yedu. Iyo inogona kuoneka mudenga kazhinji yenguva nechero mhando ye hobbyist teresikopu. Kuona kwako kwakanakisa kana pasi rave pedyo kana kupikisa, ndiko kuti, kumira kwepasi kana iri pakureba kwe180 °, saka inoratidzika yakatarisana neSuva mudenga.
Inogona kuoneka zvakakwana mudenga rehusiku sechiedza chechiedza chisingadzedzere. Iyo inopenya uye yero uye zvinotora makore angangosvika makumi maviri nepfumbamwe nehafu kupedzisa shanduko izere yekushandura munzira yayo nekuremekedza kune nyeredzi dzekumashure dzezodiac. Kune avo vanoda kusiyanisa mhete dzeSaturn, iwe unozoda teresikopu inokwana 20x kuti uzvione zvakajeka.
Panyaya yekuona kwavo kubva muchadenga, nendege nhatu dzeAmerica vafamba kuti vaone kunze nemhepo yeSaturn. Zvikepe zvakadaidzwa Piyona 11 ongororo uye Voyager 1 uye 2. Iyi spacecraft yakabhururuka pamusoro penyika muna 1979, 1980 na1981, zvichiteerana. Kuti vawane ruzivo rwechokwadi uye rwemhando yepamusoro, vakatakura zviridzwa zvekuongorora masimba uye polarizations yemwaranzi mune inoonekwa, ultraviolet, infrared uye redhiyo wave spectrum.
Iwo zvakare akashongedzerwa nezviridzwa zvekufunda zvemagineti minda uye nekutsvaga kwechaji dzakapatsanurwa uye nezviyo zvevhu.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unosvika pakuziva nyika Saturn zvirinani.
