Tsvaga asteroid Kassandra: chokwadi, nhoroondo, uye zvinonakidza chokwadi nezve orbit yayo

Wakambozvibvunza here kuti maasteroids anotenderera solar system yedu anotaridzika sei? Kuda kuziva nezvezvitunha izvi zviri kuramba kuchikura sezvo ruzivo rwemitumbi yomudenga runofambira mberi uye runobudisa pachena chokwadi chinoshamisa pamusoro pechadenga. Imwe yeasteroids yave kuunza kufarira kwakanyanya mumakore achangopfuura ndiKassandra (dzimwe nguva inonyorwa Casandra kana Cassandra), inozivikanwa se (114) Kassandra. Kunyange zvazvo zita rayo ringanzwika semufananidzo wengano, chinhu chinonakidza icho kudzidza kwacho kunotibatsira kunzwisisa kusimba uye kuumbwa kwebhandi reasteroid.

Muchikamu chino, tinokukoka iwe kuti uongorore munyika yeasteroids, nekutarisa kwakakosha paKassandra. Takaunganidza ruzivo rwechizvino-zvino nezve kutenderera kwayo, nhoroondo yekuwanikwa kwayo nekutarisa, maitiro ayo uye maitiro emuviri, zvinonakidza chokwadi nezvezita rayo, uye kuti maasteroid anoita basa rakakosha sei mukushanduka kwesolar system. Uye zvakare, isu tichagadzirisa mamiriro akajairwa echizvino chenyeredzi muChile uye kukosha kwekuparadzira kwayo, kuitira kuti tinzwisise kukosha kwemitumbi iyi musainzi uye nzanga.

Chii chinonzi asteroid (114) Kassandra?

(114) Kassandra izita repamutemo rakapihwa kumutumbi mudiki uyu mumhepo yezuva, ine nhamba yezita inoratidza kuti yaive 114th asteroid yakanyoreswa zviri pamutemo. Yakawanikwa mukupera kwezana ramakore rechi XNUMX, zita rayo rinopa rukudzo kunhamba kubva mungano yechiGiriki, tsika yakajairika muasteroid cataloging.

• Kassandra Ndeyebhandi guru reasteroid, riri pakati peMars neJupiter, dunhu rinogarwa nezvinhu zvinosiyana zvakanyanya muhukuru, kuumbwa uye orbital dynamics.
• Kudzidza kwaKassandra uye maasteroid akafanana anotipa ruzivo rwakakosha nezvekwakabva uye kushanduka kwezuva, sezvo mitumbi iyi iri 'zvisaririra' zvekuumbwa kwemapuraneti.

Kuwanikwa uye kutumidza (114) Kassandra

Iyo asteroid yakawanikwa muna Chikunguru 23, 1871 naChristian Heinrich Friedrich Peters wemuchadenga wekuGermany paLitchfield Observatory muNew York (USA). Uyu muongorori wenyeredzi, ane ruzivo rwakanyanya mundima yezvenyeredzi yenguva yake, akapira chikamu chikuru chebasa rake mukuwanikwa uye kurongedza mitumbi midiki.

• Kassandra, semamwe akawanda asteroids, anotora zita rayo kubva mungano yechiGiriki: Cassandra aive munhu ane mukurumbira nekuda kwechipo chake chekuporofita uye nenhamo yake yekusadavirwa.
• Sarudzo yezita inoratidza kuti tsika dzechinyakare dzakapesvedzera sei mazita enyeredzi, ichipa zvakawanda zvezvinhu izvi nyaya dzinonakidza uye ngano dzakabatanidzwa nazvo.

Orbital maitiro eKassandra

Kassandra inotsanangura elliptical orbit yakatenderedza Zuva mukati mebhandi guru reasteroid. Kuti unzwisise kufamba kwayo uye chinzvimbo, zvinobatsira kuziva mamwe maparamita anotsanangura gwara rayo:

• Avhareji yedaro kuenda kuZuva: Iyo inowanikwa yakatenderedza 2,677 nyeredzi zvikamu (au); Kureva kuti anenge makiromita mamiriyoni 400 kubva kuzuva redu.
• Chinhambwe chikuru (aphelion): Kassandra inogona kunge iri kure se3,04 AU kubva kuZuva, zvichiratidza kuti orbit yayo ine mwero eccentric.
• Orbital maitiro: The orbital plane yayo inoita kona ye 4,936° maererano nendege yeEcliptic yePasi, zvinoreva kuti ine kakutenderera kadiki kana ichienzaniswa neyePasi.
• Eccentricity: Kukosha kwayo ndeye 0,1355, saka Kassandra's orbit inonyanya elliptical, kunyange isiri imwe yeakanyanya kunyanyisa mukati mebhandi.
• Orbital period: Zvinotora mazuva angangoita 1.600 kuti apedze kutenderera kuzere kwakatenderedza Zuva, ndiko kuti, makore 4,38 ePasi.

Idzi data rakakosha kune vanoongorora nyeredzi, sezvo vachivabvumira kuti vanzwisise masimbiro ebhandi reasteroid uye kuverenga zvingangoita ramangwana reKassandra.. Mukuwedzera, vanopa kuenzanisa kunonakidza nemamwe asteroids uye mapuraneti maduku.

Kassandra's data data

Main belt asteroids anogona kusiyana zvakanyanya muhukuru, chimiro, kuumbwa, uye albedo. Zvinoenderana neruzivo rwakaunganidzwa nenzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzekutarisa uye mamishini, Kassandra anomira pachena nekuratidzira nhevedzano yeakakodzera maitiro emuviri:

• Dhayamita: Kassandra inofungidzirwa kunge ingangoita makiromita zana muhukuru pamwe neakisi yayo huru, ichiiita chinhu chepakati nepakati mukati mebhandi guru.
• Shape: Kunyangwe isina kutenderera zvakakwana (hapana asteroid ine denderedzwa rechokwadi kunze kweiyo yakakura kwazvo), Kassandra ine chimiro chakareba uye chisina kurongeka, chakafanana nemiviri yerudzi urwu.
• Zvinoumba: Kubva pane spectra yakawanikwa, inofungidzirwa kuva S-type asteroid (silicates), kunyange zvazvo dzimwe dzidzo dzichiratidza mukana wezvinhu zvesimbi pamusoro payo (Mamwe ruzivo nezve metallic asteroids).
• Albedo: Iyo albedo, kana chikamu chechiedza chezuva chinoratidzwa, chiri pakati: kwete serima secarbon-rich asteroids, kana kupenya sesimbi yakachena.

Asteroids uye kukosha kwavo mukutsvakurudza kwenyeredzi

Sei vazivi venyeredzi vachifarira zvinhu zvakaita seKassandra? Asteroids ndeyechokwadi nguva capsules; Zvishandiso zvavo zvine ruzivo nezve mamiriro aivepo mukutanga kwezuva nebula, pamberi uye panguva yekuumbwa kwemapuraneti. Kuti upinde zvakadzama mumusoro wenyaya, unogona kubvunza mavambo uye kushanduka kweasteroids munharaunda yedu yezuva.

• Kudzidza nezvekushanduka kwepuraneti: Kuongorora kutenderera uye kuumbwa kweasteroids kunotitendera kuti tigadzirise nhoroondo yekutanga yesolar system uye tinzwisise maitiro akaunza Nyika uye mamwe mapuraneti.
• Kukanganisa uye njodzi: Kunyangwe Kassandra isiri chinhu chiri pedyo-Panyika, kudzidza mafambiro ayo kunobatsira kuona angangoita njodzi asteroids.
• Zviwanikwa Mune ramangwana, asteroids inogona kucherwa kune zvisingawanzo simbi uye zvicherwa; Kassandra, ine hupfumi hwayo, ingave muenzaniso wakanaka wemikana inopihwa nemugodhi wemuchadenga.

Curiosities: mythology uye mazita ari asteroid bhandi

Kassandra harisi zita risingaite. Tsika yekupa mazita asteroids mushure mengano dzechiGiriki kana dzechiRoma dzakatangira pamazuva ekutanga eruzivo rwenyeredzi rwemazuva ano. Mazita ese anotaura nyaya, uye dzimwe nguva vanowana vakasarudza mazita ane akavanzika kana meseji ega.

• Cassandra, mungano yechiGiriki, aive muchindakadzi weTrojan akapihwa chipo chekuporofita, asi akatongerwa kuti pasava nemunhu anotenda kufanotaura kwake. Nhau yake inofananidzira zvose zviri zviviri zivo uye kuvhiringidzika kwokusakwanisa kugovera zvokwadi.
• Iri zita, rakabatana neasteroid, rinokurudzira uye rinonakidza, sezvo vazhinji vanoongorora nyeredzi vachiona kutsvaga nekudzidza kwemitumbi iyi senzira yekutarisira zviitiko uye kuziva zvakavanzika zvepasi rose.

Astronomy uye sainzi yekuparidzira muChile: mamiriro uye mikana

Mumakore achangopfuura, Chile yakazvimisikidza seimwe yenyika dzinotungamira pasi rose muongororo yezvenyeredzi., nokuda kwehutano hwematenga ayo uye kuiswa kweteresikopu yemazuva ano muAtacama Desert nedzimwe nzvimbo.

• Institutions dzakadai University of Concepcion nemamwe mayunivhesiti ekuChile, pamwe chete nenzvimbo dzekutsvagisa dzepasirese uye nzvimbo dzekuona, dzakakurudzira zvakanyanya kufambiswa kwesainzi uye zviitiko zvedzidzo.
• Kuwanikwa kweveruzhinji kumakosi ezvenyeredzi, hurukuro, maworkshops uye makonferensi echikoro Icho hunhu hunosiyanisa Chile muLatin America uye pasi panorama.
• Kukurudzira nyeredzi pakati pevana, vechidiki, uye vanhu vakuru kunogadzira mamiriro ekunze anobatsira pakubuda kwevatsva venyeredzi uye vagari vane ruzivo, vanokwanisa kuonga kukosha kwemitumbi midiki seKassandra munhoroondo ye cosmos.
• Dzidzo yeAstronomy uye kuparidzira zvinongotarisa kwete padzidziso chete, asiwo pakuona kunoshanda uye kushandiswa kweteresikopu, nyanzvi dzesoftware, uye ruzivo rwakasiyana-siyana rwunosvika kune vese vateereri.

Zviitiko zvemuchadenga uye chiitiko cheYunivhesiti yeConcepción

Mumamiriro ezvidzidzo zveChile, Yunivhesiti yeConcepción yakamira zvakanaka nebasa rayo rekutanga mukuunza ruzivo rwenyeredzi pedyo nenharaunda.. Pamusoro pekudzidzisa nyanzvi dzepamusoro uye vaongorori, Dhipatimendi rayo reAstronomy rinokurudzira zviitiko zvakawanda:

• Zvikwangwani zvechando nezhizha: Zvirongwa zvenguva nenguva zvakavhurika kunharaunda, uko vanopinda vanogona kutora chikamu Mawekishopu, hurukuro dzine musoro, makosi ezvidzidzo zvemuchadenga, uye husiku hwekutarisa nyeredzi..
• Makosi emazera ese: Nekudzidziswa kwakagadzirirwa vana, vana vechikoro, vakuru uye vadzidzisi; kubva pakutangwa kuenda kuastrophotography uye kushandiswa kweteresikopu.
• Konferensi dzechikoro chenyeredzi: Makwikwi eSainzi umo zvikwata zvevadzidzi zvinopa tsvakiridzo pasolar system, nyeredzi, exoplanets, meteorites, uye, hongu, asteroids.
• Zviitwa zvinosanganisirwa: Tactile workshop yevasingaoni, kusimudzira kuwanikwa kwepasi rose kuruzivo rwezvemuchadenga.
• Hurukuro uye mafambiro ekuparidzira: Sezvakaita 'Nyeredzi yeChishanu yeAstronomy', apo nyanzvi dzenyeredzi dzinotaura nyaya dzazvino uye kupindura kune zvinonetsa veruzhinji.

Kukosha kwekudzidza miviri midiki: asteroids mukutsvaga kwesainzi

Asteroids, saKassandra, chikamu chezvinonzi nenyanzvi dzenyeredzi mitumbi midiki mumhepo yezuva.. Izvi zvidiki (kana zvisiri zvidiki zvakadaro) zvisaririra zvekuumbwa kwemapuraneti uye, kazhinji, zvine zvinhu zvisina kumbochinja mumakore anopfuura mabhiriyoni 4.500. Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko pamusoro pebasa rayo mukuumbwa kwezuva, ona.

• Tsvagiridzo yazvino: Ongororo yekutenderera, kuumbwa, uye masimba easteroid anotibvumira kudzidza njodzi dzinogona kuitika, orbital evolution, resonances, uye kuvhiringika nekuda kwepesvedzero yehofori dzegasi seJupiter.
• Space mishoni: Mamisheni akati wandei epasirese akasvika kune asteroids kuti anyatsoadzidza, atore masampuli, uye anzwisise maitiro emukati uye chimiro chemakemikari, achipa data rakakosha resainzi yepuraneti.
• Tarisiro yeramangwana: Kuvandudzwa kwemichina mitsva kunogona kugonesa kucherwa kwemuchadenga uye kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zviripo pazvinhu izvi, zvine hunyanzvi hwesainzi nehupfumi.

Kuti orbit yeasteroid inotarwa sei

Kuverenga kutenderera kweKassandra uye chero asteroid inosanganisira kushandiswa kweiyo chaiyo yemuviri uye yemasvomhu nheyo.. Vazivi venyeredzi vanocherekedza nzvimbo yeasteroid panguva dzakasiyana uye, vachishandisa astrometry nemakanika emuchadenga, vanoona maparamendi ayo ekutenderera. Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve nzira dzekuverenga, unogona kubvunza Chii chinonzi asteroids uye kuti nzira dzadzo dzinodzidzwa sei.

• Iwo mahombe orbital element akaverengerwa ndeaya: semi-major axis (avhareji chinhambwe kuenda kuZuva), eccentricity (chiyero che ellipality), inoda (nezve ecliptic), perihelion nharo, kureba kwenodhi inokwira y kureva anomaly.
• Madhatabheti epasi rose, akadai seMinor Planet Center, anounganidza nekugovera ruzivo urwu kune vese vanoongorora nyeredzi uye veruzhinji vanofarira..
• Nekuvandudzwa kwemateresikopu matsva uye otomatiki masisitimu, orbital parameter yekuvandudza iri kuwedzera kuve yakarurama.

Kubatanidzwa kwevanhu mukucherechedza uye ruzivo rweasteroids

Nyanzvi dzenyeredzi dzemazuva ano dzinokurudzira kutora chikamu kwevasingadzidzi uye neruzhinji.. Nekuda kwekuwedzera kuri kuwanikwa kweteresikopu, software yezvemuchadenga, neInternet, chero munhu anogona kubatsira mukuona maasteroid uye kutaura nzvimbo dzawo. Kuti udzidze nzira yekubatana, tarisa Basa reungwaru hwekugadzira pakuona zvinhu zvine njodzi.

• Zvirongwa zvekucherechedza: Mayunivhesiti nenzvimbo dzemuchadenga dzinogara dzichironga mishandirapamwe yekutarisa chaiwo asteroids uye kuunganidza data rinozoshandiswa mukutsvagisa kwehunyanzvi.
• Kusvika uye dzidzo: Kuwana zviwanikwa zvedhijitari uye hurukuro dzepamhepo dzaita kuti zvive nyore kune vanhu vemazera ese kuti vafarire nyeredzi, uye kunyanya mukudzidza zvinhu zvakaita seKassandra.
• Kutora chikamu mumawekishopu uye zviitiko kunopa kunzwisiswa kwakadzama kwemashandiro anoita vazivi venyeredzi uye maitiro ekutsvaga nekunyora mitumbi midiki.

Asteroids uye yakakurumbira tsika

Asteroids yakafuridzira nyaya dzakawanda dzesainzi dzenhema, mafirimu, mabhuku uye kunyange mitambo yemavhidhiyo.. Iko mukana wekukanganisa kwavo paPasi, kugona kwavo kwekutora zviwanikwa, uye hunhu hwavo husinganzwisisike hunovaita vanodzokororwa protagonists mutsika dzakakurumbira. Kuvapo kwavo muzvirongwa zvenhau uye pachirongwa chetsvakiridzo yezvemuchadenga kwakonzerawo kufarira kutsva kwevanhu mukudzidza zvakawanda nezvavo.

Astronomy sesimba rinotyaira resainzi uye budiriro yemagariro

Kudzidza kweasteroids seKassandra hakuna kukosha chete kune ruzivo rwainopa nezve yedu pachedu solar system, asi zvakare inosimudzira kusimudzira kwesainzi mabasa, kushandira pamwe kwenyika uye kusimudzira kweanocheka-kumucheto matekinoroji (optics, instrumentation, data processing, nezvimwewo).

Basa reChile mutsvakurudzo yezvenyeredzi pasi rose

Chile inomira pachena pasi rose nekuda kwenzvimbo dzayo dzekuongorora nyeredzi, huwandu hwevazivi venyeredzi vakadzidziswa uye kugona kwayo kuparadzira.. Nyika iyi ine mamwe materesikopu epamusoro-soro epasi rose uye yakasarudzwa kuti iite zvirongwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvakaita seExtremely Large Telescope neGiant Magellan Telescope.

• Kuwana matenga akajeka kwaita kuti kuferefetwa kwakawanda mumitumbi midiki uye zvinhu zvakadzika-denga zviri kuitwa kubva muvhu reChile.
• Mayunivhesiti ekuChile, kuburikidza nemadhipatimendi avo ezvenyeredzi, akakurudzira hurongwa hwakasimba hwedzidzo yezvenyeredzi yevana vechikoro, vadzidzi veyunivhesiti, uye veruzhinji.
• Kudyidzana nemasangano epasi rese kunobvumira vanoongorora nyeredzi vekuChile kutora chikamu mumapurojekiti epasi rose uye kupa ruzivo rwemiviri yakaita seKassandra.

Misangano yeAstronomy, zviitiko, uye mibairo muChile

Chile inogara ichironga makonferensi ezvidzidzo zvemuchadenga, makwikwi, uye hurukuro dzesainzi.. Zviitwa izvi zvinovavarira:

• Kurudzira kutsvagisa uye nzira yesainzi pakati pevechidiki.
• Mubairo vadzidzi vanokunda mukutsvagisa kwavo nekuvabvumira kuti vashanyire nyanzvi dzekuona.
• Kuparadzira basa renyanzvi dzenyeredzi dzenyika, dzakadai saGuido Garay nevamwe vakapihwa mibairo, vakaita zvakakosha kusainzi yenyika.
• Kurudzira kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvekudzidzisa, zvekutsigira, uye zviedzo zvinoshanda kuunza nyeredzi kumakona ese enyika.

Zvirongwa zvinosanganisirwa uye kuparidzira kwepasi rose

Chilean astronomy inomira pachena nekuda kwekubatanidzwa kwayo.Zvirongwa zvakaita semaworkshops anobatika, hurukuro dzevasingaoni, uye kuwana mahara kuzviitiko zvakawanda zvaunza mutsauko pasi rose.

• Aya mapurojekiti anobvumira chero munhu kutora chikamu, kudzidza, uye kunzwa chikamu chenharaunda yesainzi.
• The impulse of the Chilean Network yeAstronomy Dzidzo uye Kuparadzira yakabvumira ruzivo rwenyeredzi kusvika kuvanhu vekumaruwa, zvikoro zvehurumende uye zvikamu zvakagara zviri kure neruzivo rwesainzi.

Remangwana rekutsvaga kweasteroid

Kassandra ingori imwe yezviuru zveasteroid yakamirira kudzidzwa zvakadzama.. Remangwana rekuongorora nyeredzi dzepasi rinofanoona:

• Kunyatsojeka mukuona kutenderera uye hunhu hwemuviri nekuda kwemateresikopu matsva uye maitiro ekutarisa.
• Kutangisa mamishini emuchadenga ane chinangwa chekuunganidza sampuli dzeasteroid nekudzosa kuPasi, sezvakaitwa nedzimwe mishini dzeJapan neAmerica.
• Kuvandudzwa kwemapuraneti ekudzivirira zvirongwa zvekutarisa uye, kana zvichidikanwa, kukanganisa zvinhu zvinogona kuva nengozi.
• Kukurudzira kucherwa kwemuchadenga uye kuongorora kwemarobhoti emitumbi midiki yekubvisa zviwanikwa uye kuwedzera kwevanhu musolar system.