Kana tikacherechedza zuva zuva rega rega panguva imwe chete mushure megore rose tichaona kuti, kuburikidza nepamusoro pemifananidzo, rinogadzira sei chimiro che 8. Izvi zvinozivikanwa se analemma uye kuti imhaka yekurerekera kweakisi yePasi uye kushandurwa kwePasi mune zvishoma elliptical orbit.
Muchinyorwa chino tichakutsanangurira kuti chii chinonzi analemma ine, maitiro uye kukosha kwayo.
Chii chinonzi analemma
Analemma ishoko rokuti Rinoshandiswa mukuongorora nyeredzi uye geography kureva chiumbwa chiri muchimiro chesere (8) iyo inoumbwa kana nzvimbo dzeZuva mudenga dzichinyorwa panguva imwe chete yezuva uye munzvimbo imwechete mukati megore. Patani iyi yemufananidzo-sere imhaka yekurereka kweakisi yePasi uye kutenderera kwaro kwe elliptical kutenderedza Zuva.
Analemma inoumbwa nezvikamu zviviri zvikuru: chikamu chekuchamhembe uye chikamu chekumaodzanyemba. Chikamu chekuchamhembe ndicho chepamusoro pe "sere" uye chinoratidza nzvimbo dzeZuva munguva yechirimo nechirimo kuchamhembe kwehemisphere, apo Zuva riri pamusoro-soro mudenga. Chikamu chekumaodzanyemba, kune rumwe rutivi, chinoenderana nenguva yekuvhuvhu uye yechando kuchamhembe kwehemisphere, apo Zuva rakaderera mudenga.
Chiitiko ichi mhedzisiro yekubatanidzwa kwekufamba kweNyika kuviri: kurereka kweaxis yaro uye kutenderera kwaro kwedenderedzwa kutenderera zuva.Kurereka kweaxis yeNyika kunokonzera kuti Zuva rioneke munzvimbo dzakasiyana mudenga gore rose, ukuwo. elliptical orbit inoita kuti Nyika ifambe nekumhanya kwakasiyana mukutenderera kwayo, iyo inokanganisawo nzvimbo inooneka yeZuva.
Analemma iratidziro yakajeka yeequation yenguva, unova mutsauko pakati penguva chaiyo yezuva uye inoreva nguva yezuva. Musiyano uyu unokonzerwa nekuti kutenderera kweNyika hakuna kutenderera zvakakwana, uye kumhanya kwarinofamba nako Zuva kunosiyana gore rose. Naizvozvo, analemma inzira inooneka yekuratidza kuti "chaiyo" nguva yezuva inogona kusiyanisa sei kureva nguva yezuva gore rose.
Dzimwe nhoroondo
Nechekare muMiddle Ages zvaive zvakafanira kutarisisa nguva yeequinox kuti uone maequinox ekutanga, uye mugore rino, Paolo del Pozzo Toscanelli akaverenga marongero ekutanga meridians, izvo zvisina kungopa zviitiko zvemasikati nekunyatso, asi. Zvinokwanisikawo kuziva nguva yegore.
Iyi meridian yakavakwa muCathedral yeSanta Maria del Fiore muFlorence, Italy. Meridian yakavakwa nezvimedu zvemarble pasi uye buri rakachekwa kumadziro ezasi kuti nzvimbo inopenya ipfuure napo kuratidza zuva regore pachikero. Iyi nzira yekugadzira meridian yaizivikanwa seanalemma.
Kufambira mberi kwemuchina muzana ramakore rechi XNUMX kwakaita kuti wachi dzemuchina dziwedzere kujeka, uye nekuuya kwewachi yependulum zvakave zvinogoneka kuyera maminetsi nemazvo makuru. Panguva ino musiyano uripo pakati penguva yezuva yakayerwa nemasundials uye nguva yevagari yakayerwa nemuchina nemachikichori ewachi akajairwa inotanga kuoneka, iyo inopiwa nekuenzanisa kwenguva. Pangangove pari pamusi uyu apo izwi rekuti analemma rakavhiringika, richibva pakurongeka kwezviitiko kuenda kune chinomiririra munzvimbo ine graphic.
Muenzaniso unotevera
Nekuti axis yePasi yakarereka pakona ye23,4 degrees, Nzvimbo yeZuva mudenga inoita seinoshanduka sezvo Nyika inopedza kutenderera kwaro kutenderera zuva. Sezvo Nyika inotenderera Zuva paaxis yaro yakarereka, nzvimbo inoonekwa neZuva mudenga inoshanduka ichikwira nekudzika munzira yekuChamhembe-Maodzanyemba. Izvi zvinoguma nekuumbwa kwemufananidzo-8 maitiro ane zvishwe zviviri.
Munguva yezhizha, chikamu chepamusoro chechimiro cheanalemma chinoitika. Sezvo zhizha richifambira mberi, Zuva zvishoma nezvishoma rinokwira kumusoro mudenga uye pakupedzisira rinosvika pakakwirira panguva yezhizha solstice. Mushure menguva yezhizha, nzvimbo inoonekwa yeZuva inotanga kudzika kwayo mudenga, ichigadzira loop yekutanga patani. Ichi chiitiko chinodzokororwa zvakare mumwaka wechando, zvichiita kuti kusikwa kwechipiri loop mumufananidzo-sere trajectory.
Tichifunga kuti kutenderera kwePasi kwaive elliptical, asi Pasina chero axial inclination, solar analemma yaizotora oval shape. Analemma, inoonekwa kubva kuequator, ingave mutsara wakatwasuka uchibva kumadokero uchienda kumabvazuva.
Kana kutenderera kwePasi kuine denderedzwa, kurereka kwaro kweaxial kwaizoburitsa mufananidzo-8 analemma curve inonyatso kuenzana muhukuru hwezvishwe zvayo zvekumusoro nepasi. Zvisinei, ichi hachisi chiratidzo chechokwadi. Kutenderera kwepasi Iine elliptical uye Zuva riri kure-pakati kubva munzira yaro. Kusiyana uku kunoguma neimwe pfungwa panzira, inonzi Perihelion, kuva pedyo neZuva pane imwe pfungwa, inonzi Aphelion.
Iyo analemma inogadzirwa sei
Kumhanya kwekutenderera kweNyika kutenderera Zuva kunosiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo yaro munzira yaro. Kana nyika iri padyo padyo neZuva, inozivikanwa se perihelion, iyo inoitika mukati menguva yechando, inofamba nekukurumidza. Kusiyana neizvi, kana Nyika iri kure kure neZuva, Aphelion, inofamba zvishoma nezvishoma. Chiitiko ichi chinoguma nehafu yakaderera yakaderera ye curve.
Iyo analemma curve inoratidza pateni yakasiyana pakati pemaodzanyemba nekumaodzanyemba kwehemispheres. MuNorthern Hemisphere, pasi pegonyeti panoumba loop yakafara zvikurusa, nepo kuSouthern Hemisphere, kumusoro kwegonhi kunoumba loop yakakura kwazvo.
Avo vanoona dambudziko kuNorth Pole vanozoona chete kukombama kwepamusoro, nepo avo vari kuSouth Pole vachangoona chikamu chezasi cheAnalemma. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kutariswa kweanalemma kuchachinja zvichienderana nenzvimbo chaiyo yemucherechedzi ari pamusoro pePasi. Imwe neimwe yepasi mune yedu solar system ine yayo yega analemma.