Zvirokwazvo imwe nguva muhupenyu hwako iwe wakanzwa kana kuita rombo rakanaka kuti uone iyo Halley comet. Nhasi tichataura nezveakaivhura, Edmund halley. Iye akakosha musayendisiti wechiChirungu uyo anozivikanwa pasi rose uye ndiye iye akafanotaura kutenderera kwekometi iyo yakatumidzwa zita rake. Kunyangwe ari musayendisiti, anga achigara achirangarirwa zvakanyanya seyeredzi. Zvisinei, hupenyu hwake hwakanga husina kuganhurirwa kune nyeredzi, asi akaita zvakakosha mukuwana masvomhu, meteorology, fizikisi uye geophysics.
Kune izvi zvese, isu tiri kuzotsaurira chinyorwa kuna Edmund Halley uye nehupenyu hwake.
Edmund Halley aive ani?
Uyu musayendisiti aive mupiro mukuru kune Isaac Newton mune basa rakaitwa pamusoro pekukwezva kwemitumbi. Akanga ari musayendisiti wekutanga aigona kufanotaura kuti makometi anodzoka nguva nenguva padhuze nepasi nekuti aya makometi aivewo neimwe nzira.
Akazvarwa munaNovember 8, 1656 muLondon uye akafa muna Ndira 14, 1742, zvakare muLondon. Akazvarwa muHagges uye wedzinza remhuri yeDerbyshire, Edmund Halley akatanga fundo yake paSaun Paul Chikoro muLondon. Mhuri yake yaive yakapfuma boka revanhu vaigadzira sipo. Iko kushandiswa kwesipo panguva iyoyo kwaipararira muEurope, saka zvaive zvakanaka kwaari kuti awane imwe.
Baba vake vakatambura kurasikirwa kukuru panguva yemoto mukuru weLondon. Moto uyu wakaitika Halley achiri mudiki. Pasinei neizvi, baba vakakwanisa kupa mwanakomana wavo dzidzo yakanaka. Iko nekuda kwedzidzo iyi kuti Edmund Halley aive nezvidzidzo zvakavanzika mumba make. Haana kungova nerombo rakanaka kuve mumhuri yakapfuma, asi aive chikamu chenguva yeshanduko yesainzi. Shanduko iyi ndiyo yakaisa hwaro hwepfungwa dzazvino.
Humambo panguva iyoyo hwakadzorerwa naCarlos II uye vanga vava nemakore mana. Makore akati wandei akazotevera, monarch rakapa charter kusangano zvisina kurongwa revazivi venyama vanonzi "Invisible University." Iri sangano rakazogadzira uye rakazotumidzwa zita rekuti Royal Society yeLondon.
Mushure memakore mashoma, muna 1673, Halley akapinda muQueen's College kuOxford. Ikoko ndiko kwaakagadzwa Astronomer Royal muna 1676. Akatanga kukurudzirwa kuti azive zvakawanda nezve nyeredzi uye akatanga kudzidza nekudzidzira pairi. Makore gare gare, muna 1696, Edmund Halley akagadzwa semutongi weChester mint. Akatsigira Newton nemabasa ake mazhinji. Pakupedzisira, akagadzwa nyanzvi yemuchadenga muna 1720 uye director weGreenwich Observatory, kwaakashanda kwemakore makumi maviri nerimwe.
Mipiro kune sainzi
Tichataura izvozvi nezvezvipo zvaaive nazvo musainzi uye zvikonzero nei ave nemukurumbira.
- Chekutanga chakaitika mugore re1682, paakakwanisa kufanotaura kutenderera kwekometi iyo yanhasi inonzi zita mukukudzwa kwake, Halley's Comet. Haana kungofanotaura kutenderera, asi akazivisawo muna 1758 kuti achadzoka, nekuti makometi anoteverawo orbit. Nenzira iyi, akadzivirira mune yake dzidziso yekuti kune comets ine yavo elliptical trajectories uye kuti ivo vanobatana neyedu Solar system.
- Imwe yemipiro yaive yekubatana naNewton kuti ape tsananguro nezve ma mechanic ekufamba kwepuraneti.
- Muna 1691, akabatsira mukuvaka bhero rekudonha raakakwanisa kuyedza muRwizi Thames. Kutenda kune iyi bhero yekudonha, Halley aigona kunge akanyudzwa kweinopfuura awa nehafu.
- Akagadzira mamwe mabasa senge "Synopsis astronomiae cometicae" maakatsanangura mirau yemafambiro yaakange agadzira naNewton pamakometi.
- Haana kungowana nzira yaHalley's Comet, asi akarondedzerawo dzimwe nzira makumi maviri nemana dzainge dzakaonekwa kusvika mugore ra24.
- Akakwanisa kuratidza kuti ma comet matatu enhoroondo akaonekwa muna 3, 1531 na 1607 aive akafanana nehunhu hwavo kune iwo akaonekwa muna 1682, 1305 na 1380. Izvi zvinogona kureva kuti iwo aive ma comet akafanana, asi kuti vaidzoka kubva munzira yavo yegirobhu.
- Akafanotaura kuti Halley's Comet yaizopfuura padhuze nepasi zvakare muna 1758.
- Mimwe yemipiro yakakosha mukuongorora nyeredzi yaive yekuratidzira kuti nyeredzi dzakange dziine kufamba uye kuti yega yega yainakidzwa zvakafanana. Akaita zvidzidzo zvekuchinja kwakakwana kwemwedzi uye akagadzira matafura ekudenga.
Edmund Halley Nhaka
Kana paine musayendisiti ane zvipo zvikuru musainzi uye nezvakawanda zvakawanikwa, anosiya nhaka. Iyo nhaka ndiyo Halley's Comet pachayo. Zita rake rinogara richigara mundangariro dzevanhu vese vanga vakabatana zvakanyanya neiyo comet uye kudzoka kwavo kwaakakwanisa kufanotaura nemazvo zvakakwana. Vazhinji venguva yake uye chizvarwa chemasayendisiti chakamutevera chakamubata mukuremekedza kugona kwake kukuru.
Dzimwe nguva, pane kurangarirwa nekuda kwezvaakawana, anogona kurangarirwa zvakanyanya nekuve iye munhu akakurudzira Isaac Newton kushambadzira maPrinciples. Iri basa ndiro rinoonekwa nevakawanda sedombo rakakosha kwazvo mukubudirira kwemunhu musainzi.
Newton aitova nezita raizivikanwa munyika yesainzi nekutenda kune zvakawanikwa kare. Nekudaro, haaigona kunge akagona kuwana mukurumbira wake wekupedzisira uyo wakatsungirira kwemazana emakore dai asina kuburitsa dzidziso yegiravhiti. Halley anozikanwa semunhu aive nechiono chenguva yemberi uye akaita kuti zvikwanisike.
Mune nhaka yake tinogona kusanganisira:
- Zita raHalley's Comet Halley kubva kwaakafanotaura kudzoka.
- Halley crater paMars.
- Halley crater pamwedzi.
- Halley Research Chiteshi, Antarctica.
Sezvauri kuona, uyu musayendisiti akapa zvakawanda kusainzi kubva kumatunhu mazhinji. Ndinovimba kuti neiyi biography iwe unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvaEdmund Halley.