El glacial Arctic Ocean Ndiro rinowanikwa kuchamhembe kwepasi redu. Ndakaritora segungwa rinotonhora zvikuru sezvo zhinji dzemvura dzaro dzakafukidzwa neaizi hombe. Nekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze izvi zviri kuchinja. Mazaya echando ari kunyungudika zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti zvisave nyore kuti zvipenyu zvese zvakachinjirwa kune aya mamiriro ehutsinye kuti ararame. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve chiitiko ichi, ona chinyorwa pa zvinokonzerwa nemapere.
Muchikamu chino tiri kukuudza zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezveArctic glacial ocean, hunhu hwayo nemhuka.
Mhando huru
Musiyano mukuru pakati peiyi neAntarctic Ocean ndeyekuti ine rakafararira rekondinendi panowanikwa chando. Sezvo chando chichienderera mberi nekunyungudika pamwero uyu, Antarctica ichaita kuti mwero wegungwa ukwire. Iyo Arctic glacial yegungwa haina kondinendi pasherefu, inongova nemvura yechando. Izvi zvakakonzera marara echando kuyangarara mukati memvura yepakati. Aya matombo makuru echando akakomberedzwa negungwa rese muzhizha uye munguva yechando, uye mvura painotonhora, inowedzera mukukora.
Inowanikwa kuchamhembe hemisphere padyo neArctic Circle. Inotenderwa kunzvimbo dziri padyo neAsia, Europe, uye North America. Inoyambuka Atlantic Ocean kuburikidza neStritit yeFram uye neBarents Sea. Iyo zvakare inopinda muPacific Ocean kuburikidza neBering Strait uye nemahombekombe egungwa eAlaska, Canada, kuchamhembe kweEurope, neRussia.
Kudzika kwayo kukuru kuri pakati pe2000 uye 4000 metres. Iyo ine nzvimbo izere yeinosvika 14.056.000 mativi emakiromita. Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve musiyano pakati pemakungwa, ona chinyorwa Chii chinonzi gungwa?.
Kuumbwa uye mamiriro ekunze eArctic glacial ocean
Kunyangwe kuumbwa kwegungwa iri kusiri kunyatsonzwisiswa, zvinofungidzirwa kuti rakaumbwa kare kare. Mamiriro ekunze ekunze anoita kuti kudzidza gungwa iri kuome. Eskimo vakagara pano kwemakore angangoita zviuru makumi maviri. Vanhu ava vanoziva maitiro ekuenderana nemamiriro ekunze ekunyanyisa enzvimbo idzi. Vakapfuudza ruzivo rwunodiwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kuchizvarwa kuti vakwanise kujairana nehupenyu munzvimbo idzi.
Mafossil anowanikwa mugungwa iri anoratidza humbowo hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwakagwamba nechando. Inofungidzirwa kuti angangoita mamirioni makumi manomwe emakore apfuura, mamiriro ayo aive akafanana neanowanikwa muMediterranean nhasi. Paive panguva dzedzimwe nguva uye nguva apo gungwa iri rakawanikwa zvachose pasina chando.
Ivhareji tembiricha yegungwa iri munguva yechando inodonha kusvika -50 madhigirii, izvo zvinoita kuti kurarama munzvimbo iyi kuve kwakaoma. Mamiriro ekunze emuchadenga ndeimwe yeinotonhora zvakanyanya paPasi, izvo zvinoshandura kuita kunoramba kuripo uye kuderera zvakanyanya kwepagore tembiricha. Inonyanya kugoverwa mumwaka miviri, mwaka wega wega inenge mwedzi mitanhatu. Ngationgororei mwaka miviri inowanikwa muArctic Ocean:
- Zhizha: Mumwedzi yezhizha, iyo tembiricha inochinja ichitenderedza 0 degrees, uye kune kuenderera kwezuva kubva kuzuva maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva. Kune zvakare chando chinopfuurira chando chinodzivirira chando kuti chisanyungudike zvachose. Kubva kutanga kwezhizha, pachave nemhepo ine simba isina mvura nemvura kana chando.
- Nguva yechando: Iyo tembiricha inosvika -50 madhigirii, uye kune husiku husingaperi. Panguva ino yegore, zuva harioneke chero nguva. Denga rakajeka uye mamiriro ekunze akadzikama. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti hapana pesheni kubva kuzuva.
Hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti chikonzero chikuru chekuvapo kwemamiriro ekunze kwemamiriro ekunze ndiko kuitika kwechiedza chezuva. Nokudaro, munguva yechando, mamiriro ekunze akanyatsogadzikana. Nekuda kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kudziya kwepasi, tembiricha yechirimo iri kuramba ichikwira, izvo zviri kuita kuti inenge yese yeArctic Ocean inyauke. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve kudziya kwepasi mudunhu rino, shanyira chinyorwa pa kuwedzera kwemakore muArctic.
Maruva nemhuka dzegungwa reArctic
Kunyangwe iri gungwa riri mumamiriro akaipisisa, kuchine mhuka zhinji dzinoyamwisa dzinoenderana nenzvimbo idzi. Mazhinji ane furhu chena, iyo inogona kuzvifukidza yega uye kumira chando. Kune angangoita mazana mana emhando dzemhuka dzakashanduka kutonhora kwakanyanya kwenzvimbo iyi. Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa yeiyi ndeyekuti isu tine marudzi matanhatu ezvidhindo neshumba dzegungwa, mhando dzakasiyana dzehove nemapere epolar, anonyanya kuzivikanwa.
Kune zvakare madiki mamollusk anonzi krill, ayo anoita basa rakakosha muparamende yezvisikwa zvegungwa. Miriwo yacho ishoma kwazvo, iine husina moss kana lichen. Chando chakaumbwa muArctic Ocean idombo hombe rakagwamba nechando. Kumusoro kwemitumbi isiri yemvura inopetwa kaviri muchando uye yakakomberedzwa nemvura yechando muzhizha. Aya makapu anowanzoita maviri kusvika matatu emamita gobvu uye ichigara ichifamba kuburikidza nemvura uye nemhepo yeSiberia. Chekupedzisira, isu tinogona kuona mamwe ma ice cubes achidhumhana uye akabatana zvachose. Izvi zvinogadzira ridge rakanyura iro ukobvu hwaro hunopeta nekatatu kukora kwekepisi yakaumbwa pakutanga.
Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti munyu wegungwa iri ndiwo wakadzikira pasi pano. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti huwandu hwehupfu hwakadzikira uye mvura yakachena yakanyunguduka inokanganisa huwandu hwekubuda. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo rwakadzama rwezvipfuyo mudunhu rino, tinokukoka iwe kuti uverenge chinyorwa pamusoro iyo Arctic Ocean kazhinji.
Zvinotyisa
Inofungidzirwa kuti 25% yematura epasi rose emafuta, gasi rechisikigo, tini, manganese, goridhe, nickel, lead uye platinum zviri munyanza iyi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyungudika kunogona kushandisa zviwanikwa sesimba uye nzvimbo dzehunyanzvi dzakakosha kune ramangwana. Iyi gungwa ndiyo nzvimbo hombe yemvura yakachena pasi rose. Nyungudika yaro iri kukonzera kufa kwayo kuri pedyo.
Chando cheArctic chinoita sefiriji yepasi rose, inoratidza kupisa kwezuva muchadenga uye nekuchengetedza pasi kutonhorera. Kunyangwe izvo zvinoitika muArctic zvichizokanganisa nyika yese, iyi nzvimbo ndeimwe yevasina kudzivirirwa uye vari panjodzi yekutyisidzirwa kwakawanda.
Mumakore ekupedzisira e30, makota matatu emakungwa eActictiki anoyangarara akanyangarika. Kuparadzwa kwechando kwaita kuti Arctic glacial ocean ive nzvimbo inokodzera yekufamba uye yakariisa pachena kune hove huru uye kushandiswa kwemafuta, gasi rechisikigo uye zvicherwa. Aya mamiriro akaburitsa kukakavara kwakasiyana kwekufarira, kumwe kunetsana kwakakomba kwemauto.
Pamusoro pekuchinja kwenzvimbo uko kunobata zvakananga kuArctic biodiversity uye mararamiro, pachavawo nekuchinja kukuru kunobata nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi, dzakadai seSpain, uko kwatinogara kunozokanganiswa nekukwira kwekushisa. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo rwakadzama rwekuti izvi zvinobata sei Spain, shanyira chinyorwa pa Kunyunguduka kweArctic nemhedzisiro yayo muSpain.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve Arctic Ocean uye ayo maitiro.