Nhasi tichataura nezverudzi rwegungwa rune hunhu hwakasarudzika uye hunofungidzirwa senzvimbo huru yemvura. Zvayo ndezve Maodzanyemba eChina Gungwa. Iyo mhando yegungwa remumahombekombe iri muPacific Ocean uye zita rinobva mukuva kumaodzanyemba kweChina. Iyo nzvimbo inogarwa negungwa iri ingangoita 3.6 mamirioni emakiromita. Inowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kwe mainland China.
Muchikamu chino tiri kuzokuudza nezvese hunhu, kuumbwa uye kukosha kweSouth China Gungwa.
Mhando huru
Imhando yegungwa inoganhurana nePhilippines, Taiwan, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, Brunei, Cambodia neVietnam. Kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kune Taiwan Strait, kumabvazuva kune Malay Peninsula, uye kumaodzanyemba kune Borneo. Inoonekwa semvura yakakura uye ine bheseni repakati rine chimiro cheelliptical uye ine zvinopfuura 250 zvitsuwa zvidiki, mabhangi, matombo, maatoll uye cays. Kune mapoka akati wandei ezvitsuwa zvikuru uko mazhinji acho uye kushanya kunoitwa. Nzizi dzakawanda dzinoyerera dzichipinda mugungwa iri, dzakadai seMekong, Pearl River, Min, Jiulong, Rajang, Pajang, Red, Pampanga River, uye Pasig. Mukuwedzera, the mekong rwizi Ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo dzinokosha zvikuru dzinodyisa iri gungwa guru.
Iyo South China Gungwa haina kudzika. Kusiyana nemamwe makungwa ayo, kuve ari madiki, akadzika, gungwa iri rine hunyanzvi hwepakati pemamita chi1.212. Iyo ine bani rinonyevera uyo ari pasi pemvura uye izvo ine hudzamu hwemamita 4.300. Kuchinjana kwemvura negungwa kunoitika zvakanyanya munzvimbo inozivikanwa seLuzon Strait. Nzvimbo iyi inobatanidza gungwa iri negungwa rePhilippine kuita chikamu chekumabvazuva kwePacific. The Malay Peninsula Ichowo chinhu chakakosha nekuda kwesimba rayo pamhepo dzemugungwa dzedunhu.
Maodzanyemba eChina China Kupisa
Kana tikatarisa pamusoro nenzvimbo dziri padyo navo tinoona kuti kazhinji mvura inodziya. Kupisa paavhareji ivo vakatenderera makumi maviri neshanu madigiri mumwedzi yezhizha. Ichokwadi kuti munguva yechando tembiricha dzinosiyana, asi vanozviita muzvidimbu zvishoma. Iyo ichiri kutaridzirwa seimwe yemakungwa anodziya kwazvo. Iyo tembiricha mumwedzi yechando inodonha kusvika kumadhigirii makumi maviri nemasere, asi inoramba ichingove iriko nemitengo yemadhigirii makumi maviri neshanu mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Chikamu chekuchamhembe ndicho chinotonhora kwazvo.
Mamonsoon ane simba guru pagungwa iri. Uye ma monsoon aya ndiwo anodzora mafambiro epamusoro egungwa nemhepo dzinovhuvhuta munzvimbo iyi. Zvinowanzoitika kuti madutu akawanda aite mumwaka wechirimo, sezvakamboitika kare, saka zvakakosha kuziviswa nezve. madutu munharaunda iyi. Inoonekwa seimwe ye makungwa ekumahombekombe akakurisa pasirese uye ndiwo akakurisa kumadokero kwePacific Ocean.
Maumbirwo uye mavambo
Sechikamu chePacific Ocean, iyo Gungwa reSouth China rakaumbwa kubva pagungwa guru iri uye rakagadzirwa anopfuura makore emamirioni mazana manomwe apfuura. Kare kumashure, kwaive nekondinendi yepamusoro yaizivikanwa nezita rekuti Rodinia. Inofanira kutarisirwa mupfungwa kuti iri gungwa rine makore angangoita mamirioni makumi mashanu nemashanu, kunyange hazvo rakaumbwa kare. Yakatangira semhedzisiro yezviitiko zvakasiyana zve tectonic zvingangoitika mushure mekunge nharaunda yatama kubva kusara kwekumaodzanyemba kwenyika China.
Kune mamwe masayendisiti anofunga kuti kufamba kwe matekitoni mahwendefa ruyamuro rwakapihwa negungwa urwu rwakatanga makore makumi mashanu nemashanu emakore apfuura. Kufamba uku kwakawedzera pakadhumhana tectonic plate yeIndia neEurasian tectonic plate. Paunenge uchidzidza kuumbwa kwegungwa iri, rinogona kuenderana nemamwe makungwa ari munyika, sezvo mamiriro ayo e geological anonakidza. Kuongorora kwe makungwa enyika inotibatsira kunzwisisa zviri nani kukosha kwayo.
Bheseni rakagadzira iri gungwa kunyangwe pazvaive diki raive panguva yeMiocene nguva. Bheseni iri raive richikura kudzamara rasvika pakuwedzeredzwa kwepasi pegungwa kuumba nyowani nyowani mushure mekuparara kwekondinendi yenyika huru yeRodinia. Zvakatora makore angangosvika mamirioni makumi matatu kuti aumbe. Gungwa rakange ranyura zvishoma panguva ye chando Age izvo zvakaitika panguva ya Pleistocene.
Biodiversity yeSouth China Gungwa
Iri gungwa rakapfuma kwazvo muhupenyu hwemumvura. Kune marudzi mazhinji ehove ayo ari akakosha chikamu chekudya kwemataundi aya ari padyo negungwa. Pakati pemhuka dzegungwa dzeSouth China Sea tinowana tuna, sardines, herring, mackerel, uye croaker. Zvisinei, vanhu vari kukonzeresa kubata hove munzvimbo idzi uye kune mamwe marudzi ari munzira yekuzopera zvachose. Kune mamwe marudzi ari munjodzi yekutsakatika asiri ehove dzinodyiwa chete. Takawana uye yegreen turtle neHawksbill turtle. Idzi mbiri mbiri dzaive dzakawanda kwazvo munguva yakapfuura, kunyangwe nhasi huwandu hwadzo hwakaderera. Ivo vachiri vanogona kuonekwa mune dzimwe asi chaizvo chaizvo nzvimbo.
Mhando dzakawanda dzeshaki dzinoita mvura iyi imba yavo. Zvimwe zvacho ndezvikara zvechokwadi zvakadai seGreat white shark, basking shark uye stingray shark. Pakati pemahombekombe, kunyanya ayo ari kumaodzanyemba kwegungwa iri, anogona kuonekwa mumakorari akawanda. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kune mibhedha yeuswa hwegungwa uye zvitsuwa zvakawanda zvinogona kupa nzvimbo yokugara yakakwana kune dzimwe shiri, dzakadai sebrown gannet, yellow-billed tern, uye white tern. Uyezve, kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu munzvimbo iyi kunokurudzirwa nezviwanikwa zviri pasi pegungwa, izvo zvakawanda munzvimbo dzakaita seSouth China Sea.
Imwe yemabhenefiti ayo gungwa rinopa uye chimwe chezvikonzero zvakakosha zvekuve vakapfuma mune zvipenyu ndezvekuti Gungwa reSouth China iro yakapfuma kwazvo zviwanikwa. Iine gasi remusikirwo rinochengeterwa iro rinogona kuumba yakakura hydrocarbon sosi mudunhu rese. Izvi zvinoita kuti gungwa iri rive nekukosha kukuru kwehupfumi. Mashoma chete emapoka ezvitsuwa atataura pamusoro apa akazara muoiri uye gasi chaiwo. Zvinowanzofungwa kuti pasi pegungwa pane matura makuru. Mvura inzira yakakosha yemugungwa yave ichifambiswa kwemazana emakore, uye yakakosha kuhupfumi hwenyika dzakasiyana siyana, dzichiumba chikamu chenyika. Nyika dzePacific Ocean.
Iri gungwa rinotyisidzirwa nezvinhu zvakawanda. Pakati pavo tinowana hove yekuwedzeredza uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzinoitirwa hove dzinokonzeresa kudzikira kwehupenyu hwehove. Naizvo nzvimbo dzinoverengeka dzedendere dzekudyara dzinokanganiswa nekurasikirwa kwenzvimbo uye kufambisa hove. Kusvibisa nderimwe rematambudziko makuru anokanganisa zvipenyu zvakasiyana.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro peSouth China Gungwa.