Gungwa chinhu chakakosha pakuumbwa kwemamiriro ekunze, madutu ari chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha; Kwete pasina, vanodya nekupisa kwemvura. Hatiwanzofunga nezvazvo, asi tinogara panyika yebhuruu; Kana, zvakanaka, ndiro ruvara rwemeso edu. Haisi nguva dzose yebhuruu here? Pazasi isu tinokupa iwe mhinduro kumubvunzo wako .
Mvura iri mumakungwa inofukidza 71% yenyika. Tangoongorora 5%, asi vazhinji vedu tinobvuma kuti ruvara rwayo nderwebhuruu. Dzimwe nguva kusviba, dzimwe nguva kureruka. Zvese zvinhu zvinoenderana neyakaiswa munyu uye nemhando yehupenyu huripo munzvimbo iyoyo. Saka, Mvura inotapira kwazvo ichajeka kupfuura ine munyu, chimwe chinhu chatinogona kuona zviri nyore muGulf of Alaska.
Asi, Nei ichichinja tonality? Zvakanaka, chikonzero ndechekuti mvura yegungwa inotora chikamu chemwaranzi yemavara inoita mwenje muchena. Pakati pemasikati, somuenzaniso, inotanga kutora mwaranzi yakatsvuka, yero, kana yeorenji, nepo mwaranzi yebhuruu ichiratidzwa. Nokudaro, ruvara runoshanduka maererano nemaawa, kukanganwa uye chiyero chechiedza chezuva; Pamusoro pechimiro chepasi pegungwa sezvatambotaura. Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezve kushandurwa kwemavara egungwa, unogona kubvunza Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunokanganisa sei gungwa.
Mukutaura kwesainzi, mvura imvura yakajeka, asi ruvara rwayo rwunokonzerwa nemabatiro anoita chiedza nemvura nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zviri mairi. Kunyanya, zvakanyanya zvipenyu uye zvidimbu iyo yakawanda mvura inorembera, iyo inowedzera ruvara rwayo ichasiyana. Asi ndezvipi zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa ruvara urwu?
Zvinhu zvinokanganisa ruvara rwegungwa
Ruvara rwegungwa runogona kupesvedzerwa nezvinhu zvakati wandei zvatinogona kuisa sezvizvi:
- Kemikari yemvura: Kuwanda kwemunyu uye mamwe mamineral kunokanganisa kutorwa kwechiedza. Semuenzaniso, nzvimbo dzine munyu wakanyanya kazhinji dzine ruvara rwakanyanya.
- Hupenyu hwemugungwa: Zvisikwa zvakaita se phytoplankton zvinotora basa rakakosha mukupenya kwemvura. Mune dzimwe nguva dzegore, dzakadai sekuwedzera photosynthetic chiitiko, phytoplankton inobereka yakawanda chlorophyll, iyo inogona kupa ruvara rwegirini kumvura. Chiitiko ichi chinogonawo kuverengwa muchirevo che korari uye phytoplankton.
- Mamiriro ekunze: Zuva, mazuva akajeka anogona kuwedzera ruvara rwebhuruu, nepo makore ane makore kana dutu achigona kuita kuti mvura iwedzere kuoneka. grey kana brown nekuda kwesediment uye zvimedu zviri mumvura.
- Kudzika kwemvura: Mvura yakadzika kazhinji yakasviba kupfuura mvura yepamusoro, kubvira wavelengths chechiedza chinotorwa pakadzika kwakasiyana.
Muenzaniso wakajeka wekuti hupenyu hwemugungwa hunogona kukanganisa sei ruvara rwegungwa runogona kuonekwa munyaya ye phytoplankton. Ichi chidiki, kunyangwe chisingaoneki, chipenyu ndicho hwaro hwe marine food cheni uye ine simba rakananga paruvara rwemvura. Nzvimbo dzakapfuma muphytoplankton dzinoita kunge dzakasvibira, nepo dzakachena, mvura shoma ine biologically kuita huzhinji hune bluish. Iwe unogona zvakare kudzidza zvakawanda nezve makorari matombo uye hukama hwayo nezviitiko izvi.
Chiedza chichena uye kusangana kwayo nemvura yegungwa
Chiedza chichena, chinova kusanganiswa kwemavara ose muchikamu chinooneka, chinopindirana nemvura nenzira dzinonakidza. Kana yasvika mumvura, mamorekuru ari mumvura iyi anotora masaisai emavara chaiwo. Hurefu hwemasaisai, hwakadai sematsvuku, eyero, uye maranjisi, anotanga kutorwa, nepo mavara ebhuruu, ane marefu mapfupi, anoratidzwa. Ndizvo zvinoonekwa nemaziso edu seruvara rwegungwa, iro rakawanda rebhuruu. Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, unogona kuverenga zvakawanda nezvazvo ruvara rwechando uye hukama hwavo nemvura.
Ichi chiitiko chinosimbiswa zvichienderana nenguva yezuva. Panguva yekubuda kwezuva nekunyura kwezuva, kana chiedza chezuva chikapfuura nemumhepo yakawanda, mavara bhuruu inogona kuwedzera, ichipa kune zvinoshamisa zvinoonekwa zvinoonekwa pamahombekombe. Kuti uwane kunzwisisa kwakadzama, ndinokurudzira kuti uverenge nezvazvo mamiriro ekupedzisira eGreat Barrier Reef.
Pesvedzero yekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze pamavara egungwa
Pamusoro pekusiyana kwechisikigo uku, shanduko yemamiriro ekunze iri kuita basa rakakosha mukuona kwatinoita mavara egungwa. Sezvo tembiricha dzegungwa kuwedzera, kuchinja kwekugoverwa kwe phytoplankton kwave kuchionekwa, izvo zvinokanganisa ruvara rwemvura. Ongororo yakazara inogona kuwanikwa pa fungidziro paguta reMiami.
Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti tembiricha yepamusoro inogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwe phytoplankton biomass mune mamwe matunhu, zvichiita kuti kuve negirinhi hue. Izvi zvinogona kureva kuti nepo mvura ichiri yebhuruu mune dzimwe nzvimbo, dzimwe nzvimbo dzegungwa dziri kusvibira, izvo zvinogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakakomba yehupenyu hwemugungwa uye hutano hwemakungwa edu. Chiitiko ichi chinoratidzwa mune zvakati wandei zvaunogona kuverenga nezvazvo ruvara rwegungwa mumatunhu akasiyana.
Kazhinji, kuchinja uku kwemuvara wegungwa kunogona kuratidza mamwe matambudziko makuru ezvakatipoteredza, akadai sekuderera marine zvinovaka muviri, izvo zvinokosha muupenyu. Kutarisisa uku shanduko yemavara saka inova chishandiso chakakosha chekunzwisisa hutano hwemugungwa ecosystem. Kuongorora maitiro aya kwakakosha zvakare mukutarisana ne greenhouse effect.
Kukanganisa kwesediments uye zvinosvibisa paruvara rwegungwa
Pamusoro pehupenyu hwemugungwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, madhamu ari mumvura anogonawo kukanganisa ruvara rwegungwa. Nzizi dzinoyerera dzichipinda munyanza dzinogona kutakura zvinhu zvakaita se ivhu, jecha nemamwe madhamu anochinja kujeka kwemvura, zvichikonzera shanduko muruvara rwayo. Iwe unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pekuti zvinhu izvi zvinopindirana sei munharaunda nekuverenga nezvazvo kuchinja kwemakemikari munyaya.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kusvibiswa kunoitawo basa rakakodzera. Algae inokuvadza, iyo inogona kuwanda nekuda kwekudya kwakanyanya kunobva mumabasa ekurima nemadhorobha, inogona kupa izvo zvinozivikanwa sekuti. mafungu matsvuku. Aya mafungu haangoshandure ruvara rwemvura chete, asiwo anoisa njodzi kune hutano hwevanhu uye hupenyu hwemugungwa. Nyaya iyi yakanyatsoenderana nayo coral reefs muJapan.
Kutarisa uye zvidzidzo pamusoro pemuvara wegungwa
Zvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi yapfuura zvakatungamirwa neMIT nemamwe masangano zvakaratidza kuti inopfuura 56% yepasi pegungwa yakasangana nekushanduka kweruvara nekuda kwesimba revanhu uye shanduko yemamiriro ekunze. Kushandiswa kwemasatelliti kwakabvumira masayendisiti kuyera huwandu hwechiedza chinopenya kubva mugungwa nemhepo, zvichitipa mufananidzo wakajeka wekuchinja uku. Kuti uwane mamwe maonero, unogona kubvunza madziva ebhuruu muAntarctica.
Zvakakosha kusimbisa kuti kunyange zvazvo shanduko idzi dzisingagoni kuoneka, dzine simba guru pazvipenyu zvegungwa uye munharaunda dzinotsamira pazviri. Naizvozvo, kuenderera mberi kwekutarisa kweruvara rwegungwa hakungotibatsiri kuona shanduko yeaesthetic, asi zvakare inova chishandiso chakakosha chekuchengetedza nharaunda yegungwa.
Kuongorora kuti phytoplankton inoungana sei uye kuti inobata sei ruvara rwegungwa inogona kupa mazano ekunzwisisa kuti nharaunda dzegungwa dziri kushandura sei uye, pakupedzisira, kuti shanduko idzi dzinokanganisa sei hupenyu hwevanhu vanovimba nehutano hwemakungwa edu.
