Rift Valley

El rwizi mupata Iyo yakakura geological chimiro chakatanga kuumba anenge 30 miriyoni makore apfuura uye inofukidza nzvimbo ye4830 makiromita munzira yekuchamhembe-kumaodzanyemba. Ichi chiitiko chechisikigo muenzaniso wakajeka wekuti mupata unoumbwa sei, uye maitiro ayo akasiyana munyika, sezvakatsanangurwa munyaya ye. Chii chinonzi mupata uye unoumbwa sei?.

Nhasi uno unofungidzirwa semuberekero wevanhu nekuda kwenhamba hominid zvisaririra zvakawanikwa ipapo. Pamusoro pezvo, Unesco yakazivisa makungwa aya Nzvimbo Yemagariro Enyika muna 2011. Asi, Chii chimwe chakakosha pamusoro penzvimbo iyi?

Unobva kupi?

Sezvatakambotaura pakutanga, Rift Valley yakatanga kuumbika makore angangoita mamirioni makumi matatu apfuura semhedzisiro yekuparadzaniswa kwema tectonic mahwendefa (maSomalia, maIndia, maArabia neEurasian). Sezvo nguva inopfuura uye goko rePasi richinyungudutswa nemagma achikwira pamusoro, mugero wakareba une materu akatenuka unoumbwa., sezvinotsanangurwa muzvinyorwa pamusoro Geological zvinyorwa uye kukosha kwavo.

Nzvimbo yepakati pematombo inogaro patsanura, zvichiita kuti pave nekukanganisa uko matombo anotsvedza akatwasuka. Munzvimbo dzakawanda mabhuroko aya anonyura, achigadzira graben, inova kuora mwoyo kwenguva refu kwakasungwa kumativi ose nekukanganisa kwakafanana. Iyi geological peculiarity inotsanangurwa muzvinyorwa pamusoro pekuyamura, izvo zvinopinda murudzi urwu rwemaumbirwo, senge anowanikwa mu. chii chiri zororo.

Chii chiri jogirafi yako?

Rift Valley, iri kumabvazuva kwekondinendi ye Africa, ine kuwedzerwa kwemakiromita 4830. Muchikamu chayo chekumabvazuva tinowana zvakajairika savanna dzemuAfrica, kunogara nyati dzemuAfrica, nyati, twiza kana shumba; uye kumadokero inogamuchira masango, inova ndiyo nzvimbo yekugara yemachimpanzi uye gorira, pakati pevamwe.

Ikoko unogona kuona gomo reKilimanjaro, rinova gomo riri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweTanzania rakaumbwa nemakomo matatu asingashande (Shira iri kumadokero uye ine urefu hwemamita 3962, Maswenzi iri kumabvazuva uye inoyera 5149 metres kureba uye Uhuru iri pakati pezvese uye ine kukwirira kwe5891,8 tsime remvura, mamwe madhamu eTunganyika, tsime guru reTanganyika Malawi. Vafambi vanopinda munzvimbo ino vanogona kudzidza nezve zvinyorwa zve geological uye kukosha kwazvo kunhoroondo yepasi, pamwe ne danakil desert.

Semhedzisiro yekuparadzaniswa kunoitwa neRift Valley, kumabvazuva kwekondinendi mamiriro ekunze ari kuoma kupfuura kumadokero, ndosaka muchikamu chino che Africa savanna yakatanga kutanga, uyezve ape emuno anogara mumiti kusvika panguva iyoyo. Imwe nguva gare gare vanofanirwa kuve vakave vepanyika, vachidzidza kufamba nemakumbo avo maviri ekumashure atinoziva nhasi semakumbo.

Iyi inzvimbo inoyevedza yekudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro peiyo nzvimbo iri kure kwazvo yemunhu, kubvira kukamurwa kukuru kwafumura mazana emamita eneti geological strataSaka kutsvaga zvisaririra zvevanhu haingori basa rakaoma chete, zvinofanirwa kuve zvinonakidza

Ndeapi makungwa eGreat Rift Valley?

Mufananidzo - Flickr/fabulousfabs[/caption>

Madhamu ari mumupata uyu ndemamwe emarudzi akapfuma zvikuru mune zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana pasi rose. Kure kure Mhando mazana masere eecichlid hove dzakawanikwa (bony hove), uye kuchine zvimwe zvakawanda zvichakamirira kuwanikwa.

Asi zvakare, kunyangwe hazvo madziva asingabatsire zvakanyanya mukumwisa gasi yekupisa iyo inoburitswa nefossil fuels, aerosols nevamwe, pane kudikanwa kwekudzora kutemwa kwemasango enzvimbo uye kudzoreredza idzo nzvimbo dzakabviswa. Masango, mose muri muviri muAfrica nokune dzimwe nzvimbo pasi pano, anotora magasi akadai secarbon dioxide, nokudaro achideredza migumisiro yokuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze. Kukosha kwekuchengetedza zvipenyu izvi kwakakosha kuhutano hwepasi.

Mazita avo ndeaya:

Ethiopia

• Gungwa Abaya: 1162 km2
• Chamo Lake: 551 km2
• Gungwa Ziway: 485 km2
• Shala Lake: 329 km2
• Koka Lake: 250 km2
• Langanao nyanza: 230 km2
• Abijatta nyanza: 205 km2
• Awasa Lake: 129 km2

Kenya

• Turkana Lake: 6405 km2
• Gungwa Logipi: idziva risina kudzika riri mubani reSuuta
• Baringo Lake: 130 km2
• Lake bogoria: 34 km2
• Lake nakuru: 40 km2
• Elmenteita Nyanza: gungwa risina kudzika.
• Nyanza Naivasha: 160 km2
• Nyanza Magadi: isina kudzika nyanza iri padyo nemuganhu neTanzania.

Tanzania

• Lake natron- Yakadzika dhamu rakakamurwa neWorld Wildlife Fund seEast Africa halophytic ecoregion.
• Lake Manyara: 231 km2
• Eyasi Lake: isina kudzika mwaka nyanza
• Makati Lake

Madhamu ekumadokero

• Gungwa Albert: 5300 km2
• Gungwa Eduardo: 2325 km2
• Nyanza yeKivu: 2220 km2
• Gungwa Tanganyika: 32000 km2

Nyanza dzekumaodzanyemba

• Rukwa Lake: inenge 560 km2
• Gungwa reMalawi: 30000 km2
• Malombe Lake: 450 km2
• Chilwa Lake: 1750 km2

Mamwe madziva

• Gungwa reMoero: 4350 km2
• Mweru Wantipa Nyanza: 1500 km2

Mufananidzo – Wikimedia/Lichinga[/caption>

Rift Valley inzvimbo inoshamisa, izere nehupenyu. Imwe yeavo iwe yaunofanirwa kuenda kunoona kamwechete, senge mashura aripo mune Nyanga yeAfrica. Tinovimba wakanakidzwa nechinyorwa ichi chakatsaurirwa kukuzvarwa kwevanhu.