Munhu wenyama agara aine shungu yekuziva ese akasiyana anokanganisa mamiriro ekunze uye mamiriro ekunze enzvimbo. Mhepo iyi yaive imwe yemamiriro ekunze emamiriro ekunze ayo akamutsa kufarira kukuru nekuti yaisakwanisa kuyerwa zvakanaka uye yaisaonekwa neziso rakashama. Zvichienderana neshanduko iyi, anopfuura zviuru zviviri zvemakore mushure mekuvakwa, ichakamira. Ndezve iyo shongwe yemhepo. Iri muPlaka mudunhu reAtene pedyo neRoma Agora uye pazasi peAcropolis. Ndiko kuvakwa kwekutanga munhoroondo kwaingoitirwa kuita mabasa ekutarisa mune zvemamiriro ekunze, izvo zvinoita kuti ive muenzaniso wakasarudzika munyika ye meteorology yekare.
Naizvozvo, isu tiri kuzotsaurira ichi chinyorwa kukuudza iwe zvese nhoroondo, hunhu uye kukosha kweshongwe yemhepo.
Mhando huru
Iyo inozivikanwa zvakare se Horologion kana Aérides, yakavakwa nemugadziri uye wezvemuchadenga Andrónico de Cirro muzana ramakore rekutanga BC. C., akatumwa nemugadziri Vitrubio uye wezvematongerwo enyika weRoma Marco Terencio Varrón. Iyo ine octagonal chirongwa uye ine dhayamita yemamita manomwe uye kukwirira ingangoita gumi nematatu metres. Icho chimwe cheakanyanya kusarudzika ane chivakwa ichi uye chinoita kuti chive chakasarudzika. Uye icho chiri icho chimiro chakashandira mashandisiro akati wandei. Kune rimwe divi, yaive tembere yakakumikidzwa kuna Aeolus, aive Baba wemhepo mungano dzechiGiriki, saka yaishandira mune yechinamato. Kune rimwe divi, yaive yekucherechedza kweiyi meteorological musiyano, saka yaivewo nebasa rayo resainzi.
Imwe neimwe yemhepo dzaivhuvhuta muClassical Greece yakazivikanwa saMwari uye vese vaive vanakomana vaAeolus. Kune maGreek ekare zvaive zvakakosha kuti uzive hunhu uye mavambo emhepo. Vaida kuziva kwakabva mhepo, nekuti raive guta rekutengesa raifamba Gungwa reMediterranean richishandisa seiri. Kubudirira uye kutadza kwebasa rebhizinesi kwaienderana zvakanyanya nemhepo, chii chakabatana nacho mamiriro ekunze izvo zvavakasangana nazvo munguva yavo. Zvakajairika kuti nezvikepe zvinofamba nechikepe mhepo ichaita basa rakakosha mukutakura zvinhu. Zvose izvi zvaive zvikonzero zvakakwana zvekuda kudzidza zvose pamusoro pemhepo zvakadzama. Apa ndipo panobva kukosha kweshongwe yemhepo.
Ichokwadi chekuti iyo Shongwe yeMhepo yakasarudzwa padyo neRoma Agora (nzvimbo yemusika) haina kuita netsaona. Vatengesi vaive nekwaniso yeruzivo runobatsira zvido zvavo uye vaigona kuchinjana zvirinani.
Kubva kweshongwe yemhepo
Sezvataona, mhepo ndiyo imwe yemhando yepamusoro yemamiriro ekunze yekuziva panguva iyoyo. Vatengesi vanogona kuve neakanaka sosi yeruzivo inobatsira kwazvo kune zvavo zvido. Zvichienderana nekutungamira kwaiitwa nemhepo, kunonoka kana kufambira mberi kwezvimwe zvikepe kuchiteshi zvinogona kufungidzirwa. Izvi zvine chekuita nekushandiswa kwedata yemamiriro ekunze pakufamba, sezvazviri kuitwa nhasi kufanotaura mamiriro ekufambisa. Aigona zvakare kuziva zvine mutsindo kuti zvaizotora nguva yakareba sei kuti zvinhu zvake zvisvike kune dzimwe nzvimbo.
Kuti uone kana dzimwe nzendo dzaive nedzinobatsira, kusiyanisa kwemhepo kwakashandiswa. Kana iwe waida kuita dzimwe nzendo nekukurumidza uye kukurumidza, unogona zvirinani kuronga imwe nzira kana imwe zvinoenderana nesimba uye mhando yemhepo yanga ichivhuvhuta.
Kuumbwa kweshongwe yemhepo
Chinhu chinonyanya kushamisa cheshongwe yemhepo chiri muchikamu chayo chepamusoro. Imwe yeanofuratidzwa masere eshongwe inoguma nemhepo ine bas-zororo rinopfuura matatu metres kureba. Pano mhepo inomiririrwa uye mune yega yega inoita kunge ndiyo inovhuvhuta kubva panzvimbo payakatarisa. Mhepo sere dzakasarudzwa naAndrónico de Cirro dzinowirirana chikamu chikuru neavo vekambasi yaAristotle yakasimuka. Ngatione kuti ndedzipi mhepo dzinogona kuwanikwa mushongwe yemhepo: Bóreas (N), Kaikias (NE), Céfiro (E), Euro (SE), Notos (S), Miromo kana Libis (SO), Apeliotes (O) uye Skiron (NO).
Denga reconical pakutanga rakanga riri pashongwe uye rakanga rakashongedzwa korona nemufananidzo webhuronzi unotenderera wamwari wetriton. Uyu mufananidzo waTriton Mwari wakashanda semamiriro ekunze. Mhepo yemamiriro ekunze inoshandiswa kuziva kwainoenda mhepo. Muruoko rwerudyi akatakura tsvimbo yairatidza kwaienda mhepo uye Yakazviita nenzira yakafanana kune museve weyakajairika mamiriro ekunze, Iyi nzira iri imwe yenzira dzekutanga dzekufungidzira mamiriro ekunze. Kuti apedze ruzivo rwemhepo rwakawanikwa panzvimbo yekucherechedza, pakanga pane sundials pamafacades ari pasi pe friezes. Aya ma quadrants aive nemafungiro asina simba uye akatibvumira kuziva nguva yezuva iyo mhepo yaivhuvhuta. Nenzira iyi vaigona kuziva nguva chaiyo iyo makore akafukidza zuva uye nguva yaishandiswa hydraulic wachi.
Zvimwe zvinoshandiswa
Nekuti ichi chivakwa chiri muchimiro chakanaka, chakapihwa kuti chiongorore uye chidzidze pamwe nekunyaradzwa uye nehanya. Icho chiri pasina mubvunzo chimwe chekaresa anozivikanwa masainzi monument. Zvinangwa zvikuru zveshongwe iyi zvaive zvakawanda. Vakashanda kuyera nguva ichienderera kufamba kwezuva nezuva uye nenguva kwezuva nekutenda kumaquadrants akanyorwa kumativi aro masere. Mativi aya akavakwa nemabhuru epamhepo. Mukati maive newachi yemvura iyo ichine zvisaririra uye iwe unogona kuona mapaipi akatungamira mvura kubva kuzvitubu zviri kumateru eAcropolis neaya aishandira kupa nzira kune yakawandisa.
Yaive iyo hourglass yaitaridza maawa ezuva kana kwaive nemakore uye husiku. Denga rinoumba mhando yepiramidhi guta re matombo ematombo ane radial majoini akafukidzwa nematiles. Yatove iri pakati panowanikwa vane mamiriro ekunze muchimiro che newt kana humwe humwari hwemumvura.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve shongwe yemhepo uye hunhu hwayo.