Chikamu chekuchamhembe kweEast China Sea chinozivikanwa se yero gungwa. Igungwa rakakura rakatora nzvimbo inosvika 417 km². Iri pakati penyika yeChina neKorea Peninsula. Zita racho rinobva pazvimedu zvejecha zvinopa mvura ruvara rwakada kufanana neyero. Ndirwo Rwizi rweYellow, rwunozivikanwawo seHuang He, rwunoita basa rekudyisa gungwa iri nekuripa ruvara urwu. Iyo inozivikanwa zvakare munharaunda muSouth Korea seWest Sea.
Munyaya ino isu tichaenda kukuudza nezvese hunhu, kuumbwa uye mabviro eGungwa reYero nerwizi rwayo.
Mhando huru
Gungwa Dzvuku igungwa risina kudzika rine chete yakadzika kudzika kwemamita 105. Ine bay hombe inoumba pasi pegungwa uye inonzi Gungwa reBohai. Iyi bay ndimo munopinda rwizi Yellow. Urwu rwizi rwaiyerera ruchipinda murwizi rwayambuka Purovhinzi yeShandong nedzimbahwe rayo, Jinan, pamwe chete neRwizi rweHai runoyambuka Beijing neTianjin. Icho chokwadi chekuti Gungwa Dzvuku harina kudzika kunokanganisa mamiriro ekunze uye zvinogona kukonzera shanduko muvara waro, chiitiko chinogona kuonekwa kune mamwe makungwa, uye iwe unogona kuverenga zvakawanda pamusoro peizvi mune imwe nyaya. kuchinja kwemavara egungwa.
Zita regungwa iri haribve murwizi, asi kubva pauwandu hwe quartz jecha inokwenenzvera kusvika kumvura zhinji uye nekuipa iri rakati wandei ruvara. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei iine zita reGungwa Dzvuku. Iri igungwa rakapfuma mukati marine algae, cephalopods uye crustaceans. Tinogona kunyanya kuwana mhando dzealgae kubva mubhuruu-girinhi boka rinoonekwa zvakanyanya muzhizha uye rinobatsirawo kune ruvara rwemvura. Nekuda kwekuti kudzika kwacho hakuna kudzika, ruvara rwealgae runosarudza ruvara rwese. Mukuwedzera, zvipenyu zvegungwa zvinopesvedzerwa ne biodiversity yemakungwa izvo zvakamupoteredza.
Oiri muGungwa Reyero
Muna 2007 pakange paine kuwanikwa neChina Oiri neGesi Corporation, CNPC. Uye ndeyekuti munda wakakosha kwazvo wemafuta unosvika mabhiriyoni matani wakawanikwa. Kuwanikwa uku kunowanikwa zvese pamahombekombe uye pasherufu yemakondinendi yeGungwa reYero. Inowanikwa mudunhu reHebei uye ine nzvimbo iyo inosvika 1570 mativi emakiromita. Zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zveiyi huwandu hwemafuta huri papuratifomu yekumahombekombe.
Nhamba yemhuka nemhando dzemiti inowedzera sezvatinoenda mberi kumaodzanyemba mugungwa, umo tinowanawo nhamba huru yehove. Mumakore gumi apfuura, North Korea yanga ichiita maekisesaizi akasiyana siyana ezvombo zvenyukireya pamhenderekedzo yeYero Sea. Nechikonzero ichi, yakatemerwa zvirango neUN, kunyangwe iyi nyika yemakominisiti yaiita senge isina hanya. Iyi geopolitical mamiriro munharaunda anogona kukanganisa hupfumi hwedunhu uye kutorwa kwezviwanikwa zvakaita seoiri, musoro waunogona kuongorora zvakare nekubvunza zvakawanda nezve. Iwe unogona zvakare kuongorora kuti aya mamiriro angakanganisa sei mamiriro ekunze mune dzimwe nzvimbo, sezvataurwa muchinyorwa pamusoro Dutu Nuria.
Wepamusoro mutero weGungwa Dzvuku
Tinoziva kuti gungwa iri rinodyiswa nerwizi rweYellow. Iwo mutumbi wakareba wakareba wemvura nyowani iyo inowanzoonekwa sehunhu hwebudiriro yeChina. Ndirwo rwizi rwechipiri rwakareba kupfuura mamwe ese China, kuva rwizi rwechitatu rurefu muAsia uye rwechitanhatu pakureba kupfuura pasi rese. Inozivikanwa nezita iri nekuda kwehuwandu hwesimbi iyo yaakatakura kuenda kuGungwa reYero uye ndokuipa iri vara.
Kubatana muBayan Har Mountains mukati meTibetan Plateau panzvimbo yakakwirira inosvika 4.800 metres. Inoyerera zvisingaite ichienda kumabvazuva ichipfuura nemumatunhu mapfumbamwe ekuChina kudzamara yapinda muYellow Sea. Munzvimbo ino inogadzira delta yehukuru hwakakura inoita kuti inyatsozivikanwa uye muenzaniso wekuti nzizi dzinogona sei kugadzira geography uye ecosystems, musoro unotaurwa zvakare muchinyorwa nezve. migumisiro yekunaya kwemvura.
Hurefu hwerwizi rwese makiromita mazana mashanu nemakumi mana nemana nemana, uye bheseni rayo rehydrographic rinofukidza nzvimbo ingangoita 5,464-750,000 km752,000. Inowanzo tenderera kuyerera ichipinda mugungwa remakiromita mazana maviri nemazana maviri neshanu neshanu pasekondi. Rakadaro ndiro bheseni raro rekugera, rinova rechitatu pakukura muChina. Nzizi shomana dzinoverengeka dzinopa mvura kurwizi urwu nguva dzose. Kana tikaongorora kosi yacho yese, tinoona kuti ine zvikamu zvitatu: yepamusoro kosi, yepakati kosi uye yepasi kosi.
Chikamu chekutanga chekosi yacho chinotanga mumakomo kuenda kuTogtoh County, kuburikidza nemakiromita anopfuura mazana mana nemazana mana. Ipapa ndipo panotsvedza payo uye panotangira kuberekwa kwayo. Iyo yepakati kosi inomhanya kubva kudunhu kuenda kuZhengzhou mudunhu reHenan. Icho chiri muchikamu chino umo chazvino chinotora zvinopfuura makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana zvematombo. Matombo ndiwo masarasara ejecha nedombo zvinofambiswa uye kutakurwa zvese nekugadzirisa uye nekutenderera uye kuparara. Chekupedzisira, iyo yepasi kosi inotanga kubva kuZhengzhou uye inogumira kugungwa. Nechekare muchikamu ichi chegungwa ndipo parinotakurwa nehukuru hwakanyanya hwetsvina.
Kudzidziswa uye zvipenyu zvakasiyana
Rwizi rwuri kuwana yero yero yebhuruu hue sezvo ichiyerera mukati mekambani yematani emidziyo yakasimba ine iri vara. Chikamu chevhu revhu rebani reTibetan panotanga kukwira rwizi ruri yakanyanya njodzi kukukurwa nemhepo chiito uye jecha rese rakanaka rinoshambidzwa murwizi. Kana rwizi rwakazara nezvikamu zvemuvara uyu, zvinotakurwa uye sedimentary, zvichiguma muGungwa Dzvuku. Kuti unzwisise zviri nani kuti mamiriro ekunze anogona kukanganisa sei kukukurwa uye kunyungudika, unogona kubvunza chinyorwa pamusoro zvishuwo zveMars.
Ndirwo rwizi rusina kupfuma zvakanyanya mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, saka gungwa harina kupfuma zvakanyanya. Gungwa, sezvo risina kudzika, harikwanisi kutora huwandu hwakawanda hwemaruva nemhuka. Dzimwe dzemhuka dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeyeYangtze spoonbill uye mamwe marudzi ecarp. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti pamwe chete anogona kuwanikwa kumativi 150 marudzi hove, asi nhamba iduku zvikuru nhasi. Mhuka dzakawanda dzemhuka dzakaita sembada nesika deer dzinowanikwa mubheseni.
Pakati peshiri dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa tine guru bustard, Chinese merganser uye white-tailed sea eagle. Rwizi urwu runoshandiswa kugadzira simba remagetsi emvura uye raita kuti nzvimbo yese iyi ibudirire. Zvimwe chetezvo ndezvechokwadi nezvekurima kwemvura uye kuberekesa hove nedzimwe mhuka dzemugungwa. Ndiyo imwe yeakanyanya kukosha zviitiko zvehupfumi, kuwedzera kune kudhirwa kwemafuta, izvo zvinoratidzira kukosha kwehupfumi hweGungwa Yero uye hukama hwayo nehupfumi hwedunhu. Kuti uongorore zvakawanda nezvemuvara wemvura, unogona kuverenga nezvazvo pano. ruvara rwegungwa.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu iwe unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve iyo Yero Gungwa uye ayo maitiro.